Analysis and modeling of piano sustain-pedal effects

Lehtonen, Heidi-Maria; Penttinen, Henri; Rauhala, Jukka; Välimäki, Vesa

doi:10.1121/1.2756172

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It can be noted, however, that even the large change in the number of sympathetic resonating strings which occurs when the sustain pedal is engaged has only little influence on the decay time of the note struck. 22 In the mid register the decay time was reported to increase but not in the bass and treble. The influence on piano timbre from the sustain pedal is, in contrast, pronounced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acoustical and perceptual influence of duplex stringing in grand pianos

Öberg

Askenfelt

2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This study investigates the acoustical and perceptual influence of the string parts outside the speaking length in grand pianos (front and rear duplex strings). Acoustical measurements on a grand piano in concert condition were conducted, measuring the fundamental frequencies of all main and duplex strings in the four octaves D4-C8. Considerable deviations from the nominal harmonic relations between the rear duplex and main string frequencies, as described by the manufacturer in a patent, were observed. Generally the rear duplex strings were tuned higher than the nominal harmonic relations with average and median deviations approaching +50 cent. Single keys reached +190 and -100 cent. The spread in deviation from harmonic relations within trichords was also substantial with average and median values around 25 cent, occasionally reaching 60 cent. Contributions from both front and rear duplex strings were observed in the bridge motion and sound. The audibility of the duplex strings was studied in an ABX listening test. Complete dampening of the front duplex was clearly perceptible both for an experiment group consisting of musicians and a control group with naive subjects. The contribution from the rear duplex could also be perceived, but less pronounced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acoustical and perceptual influence of duplex stringing in grand pianos

Öberg

Askenfelt

2012

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…In the field of piano pedalling techniques, detection methods in the current literature are all based on isolated notes. The main features of the sustain-pedal effect outlined in [10] are the energy of residuals, decay time and amplitude beating. The values of these features are increased when the sustain pedal is fully engaged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piano Legato-Pedal Onset Detection Based on a Sympathetic Resonance Measure

Liang

Fazekas

Sandler

2018

2018 26th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

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In this paper, the problem of legato pedalling technique detection in polyphonic piano music is addressed. We propose a novel detection method exploiting the effect of sympathetic resonance which can be enhanced by a legato-pedal onset. To measure the effect, a specific piano transcription was performed using the templates of pre-recorded isolated notes, from which partial frequencies were estimated. This promotes the acquisition of residual components associated to the weak coexcitation of damped notes due to the legato pedalling technique. Features that represent the sympathetic resonance measure were extracted from residuals. We finally used a logistic regression classifier to determine the existence of legato-pedal onsets.

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“…A discrimination factor of 100% represents perfect distinguishability for the recorded and synthetic tones, whereas 50% represents random guessing. In previous works, a threshold of 75% has been accepted as the borderline, under which the sound can be considered not distinguishable [56][57][58]; however, in this work, the 75% threshold will be called a likelihood threshold, under which the sound can be considered very close to the real one. Perfect indistinguishability coincides with random guessing.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digital waveguide-based approach for Clavinet modeling and synthesis

Gabrielli

Välimäki

Penttinen

et al. 2013

EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process.

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The Clavinet is an electromechanical musical instrument produced in the mid-twentieth century. As is the case for other vintage instruments, it is subject to aging and requires great effort to be maintained or restored. This paper reports analyses conducted on a Hohner Clavinet D6 and proposes a computational model to faithfully reproduce the Clavinet sound in real time, from tone generation to the emulation of the electronic components. The string excitation signal model is physically inspired and represents a cheap solution in terms of both computational resources and especially memory requirements (compared, e.g., to sample playback systems). Pickups and amplifier models have been implemented which enhance the natural character of the sound with respect to previous work. A model has been implemented on a real-time software platform, Pure Data, capable of a 10-voice polyphony with low latency on an embedded device. Finally, subjective listening tests conducted using the current model are compared to previous tests showing slightly improved results.

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Analysis and modeling of piano sustain-pedal effects

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Acoustical and perceptual influence of duplex stringing in grand pianos

Acoustical and perceptual influence of duplex stringing in grand pianos

Piano Legato-Pedal Onset Detection Based on a Sympathetic Resonance Measure

A digital waveguide-based approach for Clavinet modeling and synthesis

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