Analysis and Modeling of Friction Stir Processing-Based Crack Repairing in 2024 Aluminum Alloy

Ren, Jungang; Wang, Lei; Xu, Daokui; Xie, Liyang; Zhan-chang, Zhang

doi:10.1007/s40195-016-0489-8

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Friction stir processing (FSP) is an effective method to fabricate Al alloys with ultrafine and equiaxed grains structure. It was found that this structure can promote the GB sliding in Al alloys [14][15][16][17][18][19], and these FSP samples always exhibit superplasticity [16,20,21]. Thus, FSP could be also used to improve the damping capacity of commercial Al alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Damping Behavior of Age-Hardened and Non-age-hardened Al Alloys After Friction Stir Processing

Jiang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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This study investigated the microstructure, mechanical, and damping properties of a non-age-hardened Al alloy (5086) and an age-hardened Al alloy (7075) after friction stir processing (FSP). Microstructural analyses indicate that FSP led the grain refinement of samples, and the grains size decreased with the decrease in the tool rotation rate. Furthermore, FSP with low rotation rate promotes the η phase precipitation in the 7075 alloy, causing the micron-sized particles in the 5086 alloy to break up. After being subjected to FSP with low rotation rate, the 5086 and 7075 alloys exhibited excellent mechanical and damping properties. Such improved properties were ascribed to their equilibrium grain boundaries, fine grain, low density of dislocations, high fraction of high misorientation angle, and uniform particle distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Damping Behavior of Age-Hardened and Non-age-hardened Al Alloys After Friction Stir Processing

Jiang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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“…8b, and the averages of both the joint and NZ show the same trend with a peak value around HV135 at a PLD of 2.53 mm. This point (i.e., PLD 2.53 mm, HV135) implies adequate friction heating and a long dwell time at high temperature [23], which enables the intermetallics, such as Al 2 CuMg [24], to precipitate.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Submillimeter Variation in Plunge Depth on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSLW 2A12 Aluminum Alloy Joints

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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Friction stir lap welding was conducted on 2 mm + 2 mm sheets of aluminum alloy 2A12-T4. The plunge depth (PLD) was designed as 2.45-2.58 mm, which was varied in submillimeters as 2.45, 2.50, 2.53, 2.55, and 2.58 mm, and the axial force was recorded in the welding process. The results show that the PLD fluctuation in submillimeters causes significant variation in the axial force and affects the voids (i.e., Void I and Void II), hook, and effective sheet thickness (EST), among which Void I is the main factor that affects the EST. The fracture load-PLD function in the tensile shear test of the joints follows the rule of the EST-PLD function. An optimized PLD is approximately 2.55 mm, at which the EST reaches 1.71 mm, corresponding to a peak fracture load of 11.03 kN. Thus, a PLD of 2.55 mm is suggested with a tolerance of 0.02 mm, corresponding to a fracture load of 9.6-11.0 kN, i.e., within a fluctuation of 12%.

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“…Zhang et al [33] observed that increasing the rotational speed to more than 1400 rpm caused the formation of voids in the SZ. Kim et al [34], Ren et al [35], and Moussawi et al [36] studied the influence of rotational and traverse speeds on defects formation during FSP of aluminum alloys. In this regard, investigating the thermal aspects (peak temperature and thermal distribution) of FSP has attracted attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigation of defects formation during friction stir processing on AZ91

et al. 2021

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The heat generated during friction stir processing greatly affects defects formation in the processed zone of workpieces. In this paper, numerical modeling of this process is performed to determine the influence of tool rotational and traverse speeds and hence their ratio on the thermal distribution attained during the process. The aim is to produce defect-free processed samples by selecting adequate tool speeds. The mechanisms of defects formation depending on the peak temperature are also investigated. Experiments to verify the simulation results were conducted with the same process parameters. Several traverse speeds of 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm/min and rotational speeds of 700, 1000, 1200, and 2000 rpm were used during modeling and conducting the experiments. From the numerical and experimental results, it was found that; the high-speed processing conditions (low-generated heat) can produce defects such as tunnels and grooves, and the low-speed processing conditions (high-generated heat) can cause defects such as flashes. The experimental results show that during friction stir processing with the rotational speed of 1200 rpm and the traverse speed of 60 mm/min (speed ratio of 20), no macro defects in the processed zone were observed. According to the numerical results, the peak temperature during friction stir processing with these speeds was 475 °C. At this temperature, the material softened, the structure finely equiaxed and no large scale melting zone appeared in the processed zone. The developed model can be useful to investigate the occurrence of defects associated with different tool rotational and traverse speeds. Graphic abstract

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Analysis and Modeling of Friction Stir Processing-Based Crack Repairing in 2024 Aluminum Alloy

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Mechanical and Damping Behavior of Age-Hardened and Non-age-hardened Al Alloys After Friction Stir Processing

Mechanical and Damping Behavior of Age-Hardened and Non-age-hardened Al Alloys After Friction Stir Processing

Effect of Submillimeter Variation in Plunge Depth on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSLW 2A12 Aluminum Alloy Joints

Numerical and experimental investigation of defects formation during friction stir processing on AZ91

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