Analysis and improved process response prediction of laser- assisted automated tape placement with PA-6/carbon tapes using Design of Experiments and numerical simulations

Schaefer, Peter; Gierszewski, D. R.; Kollmannsberger, A; Zaremba, S.; Drechsler, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.02.008

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Owing to the elevated requirements imposed by aeronautics, high-performance thermoplastics such as those in the poly-aryl-ether-ketone (PAEK) family are the focus of most of the lamination endeavours to set up this manufacturing technology [4][5][6][7][8][9], with the exception of some works devoted to the application of PPS (poly-phenylene-sulphide) [5,10,11], PEI ( polyetherimide) [12], and current works with PA (polyamide) [13,14]. Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is a linear, aromatic, semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer with excellent thermal stability, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the determination of thermal degradation effects and detection techniques for thermoplastic composites obtained by automatic lamination

Martı́n

Rodriguez-Lence

Güemes

et al. 2018

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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Automatic lay-up and in-situ consolidation with thermoplastic composite materials is a technology under research for its expected use in the profitable manufacturing of structural aeronautical parts. This study is devoted to analysing the possible effects of thermal degradation produced by this manufacturing technique. Rheological measurements showed that there is negligible degradation in PEEK for the temperatures reached during the process. Thermogravimetric analysis under linear heating and constant rate conditions show that thermal degradation is a complex process with a number of overlapping steps. A general kinetic equation that describes the degradation of the material with temperature has been proposed and validated. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that there is no remarkable degradation. The use of a combination of in-situ and ex-situ experimental techniques, including kinetic modelling, not only provides reliable information about degradation but also allows setting optimal processing conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the determination of thermal degradation effects and detection techniques for thermoplastic composites obtained by automatic lamination

Martı́n

Rodriguez-Lence

Güemes

et al. 2018

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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“…A significant temperature increase perpendicular to the placement path was obtained experimentally and numerically. A surrogate process model was developed in [27] for the simulation of multiple placement of C/PA6 tapes. The laser power and placement velocity were found to be the most effective parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comprehensive 3D reflection model was developed in [34] for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite tapes. A "micro-half-cylinder" model was implemented in a CAD model which was subsequently used in OptiCAD software to simulate the anisotropic reflective [13] No Multiple Hot gas torch Convective Thermocouple AS4/epoxy ATW [39] No Multiple Hot gas torch Convective Pyrometer G/PP, W f = 70% ATW [4] No Multiple Infrared heating Radiative N/A graphite/epoxy, S-glass/epoxy ATW [18] No Multiple Infrared heating Radiative N/A graphite/epoxy ATW [14] No Multiple NIR diode laser Anisotropic ray tracing IR camera C/PEEK AFP [23] No Multiple IR heating Radiative IR camera, Thermocouple Toray T800S/3900-2 AFP [27] No Multiple NIR diode laser Specular ray tracing IR camera, Thermocouple PA-6/carbon ATW [28] No Multiple NIR diode laser Anisotropic ray tracing IR camera, Thermocouple PA12/carbon V f = 45% behavior of tapes. The same optical model was used in [33] to predict the temperature distribution in an AFP process in which the roller deformation was taken into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the temperature evolution during continuous laser-assisted tape winding of multiple C/PEEK layers: The effect of roller deformation

et al. 2020

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Laser-assisted tape winding (LATW) is a highly automated process for manufacturing tubular-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites such as flywheels and pipes. One of the crucial parameters in the LATW process is the temperature of the nip point at which the incoming prepreg tape is bonded with the substrate by a compaction roller. Therefore, the temperature evolution of the nip point plays a significant role to have a proper consolidation at the tape-substrate interface. The nip point temperature is highly affected by the time-dependent geometry of the substrate and roller during continuous LATW of thick composite rings. In this paper, a critical assessment of the substrate and tape surface temperature evolution is investigated experimentally by means of a thermal camera during the LATW process of a 26-layers thick carbon/PEEK composites. A three-dimensional (3D) optical model is coupled with a thermal model in which the substrate computational domain is updated with respect to the deposited tapes. A good agreement is found between the measured and predicted tape and substrate temperatures. The total absorbed heat and heated length of the substrate and tape are described based on the roller deformation. An increase in tape and substrate nip point temperatures is found with an increase in roller deformation during consecutive winding. It is also found that the consolidation pressure and contact length at the roller-substrate interface increases during the winding process. Accordingly, the heat transfer coefficient at the roller-substrate interface is studied using the developed process model.

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“…For example, automated tape laying processes are used to fabricate composite laminates from prepreg tapes. The local and online consolidation of thermoplastic tapes during an automated placement has become possible by using a robotic deposition head with laser heating (Schaefer et al, 2017) or ultrasonic energy sources (Lionetto et al, 2015). Over-molding processes can add some technological functionalities to thermoplastic prepreg sheets (Studer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Impregnation Mechanism of Weft-Knitted Commingled Yarn Composites by Staged Consolidation and Laboratory X-Ray Computed Tomography

et al. 2019

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Analysis and improved process response prediction of laser- assisted automated tape placement with PA-6/carbon tapes using Design of Experiments and numerical simulations

Cited by 51 publications

References 24 publications

On the determination of thermal degradation effects and detection techniques for thermoplastic composites obtained by automatic lamination

On the determination of thermal degradation effects and detection techniques for thermoplastic composites obtained by automatic lamination

On the temperature evolution during continuous laser-assisted tape winding of multiple C/PEEK layers: The effect of roller deformation

Analysis of Impregnation Mechanism of Weft-Knitted Commingled Yarn Composites by Staged Consolidation and Laboratory X-Ray Computed Tomography

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