Analysis and design of low gas emission of ethanol fuel from ionic liquid-assisted pretreatment of biomass

Abstract

The growth of gas emissions (GE) in the environment that stirred climate change, has correlated with the decline of fossil fuels. Generally, GE was produced by burning fossil fuels such as gasoline in the combustion engine. Gasoline has higher air toxic emissions than ethanol. Hence, the investigation of ethanol has gained attention. On the other hand, biomass has become a renewable source of ethanol. However, due to the rigid structure of biomass, biomass pretreatment is needed before the hydrolysis and fermentation process. Recently, growing attention has been devoted to applying ionic liquids (ILs)-assisted pretreatment despite the high-cost process. Therefore, in this study, to optimize the ethanol production from biomass, the simulation using SuperPro Designer (SPD) software was conducted. Bagasse as biomass material was treated by IL, namely choline acetate (ChOAc), with the range of ratio IL/biomass of 0–1.5. The developed SPD model was validated with published data. The results indicated that the minimum ratio of IL/biomass was 1.3. When in the hydrolysis performed at high-loading after 72 h reaction time, the glucose and xylose concentrations were 49 g/L and 13 g/L, respectively. When the fermentation process was conducted, the initial mixed sugar solution concentration was 23 g/L of glucose and 6 g/L of xylose. Then, the ethanol concentration was 15 g/L at 24 h, which was 89% of the theoretical ethanol yield. To conclude, the developed SPD model not only could support to optimize the biomass refinery into low GE of ethanol but also could reduce large cost experimental.

Potential Development and Economic Analysis of Bioethanol Fabrication Design from Oil Palm Biomass with Ionic Liquid Choline Acetate Using SuperPro Designer (SPD) Software

“…The suggested size of oil palm biomass in the experimental process is 4 mash or about 250 µm -400 µm. The pretreatment process takes place in several stages, namely mixing the biomass with ionic liquid, followed by heating and washing, which are necessary to obtain palm biomass that has been broken due to the influence of ionic liquid [4,5].…”

“…Following the secondary hydrolysis, the biomass underwent filtration using porous paper to evaluate the dissolved lignin content in the filtrate. Both the filtrate and the filter paper was subsequently employed to ascertain the quantities of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin present in the material [5,6,10,11].…”

“…Bioethanol production using lignocellulose focuses on cellulose and hemicellulose, which produce sugars that can be fermented into ethanol. Lignin is a by-product that has high economic value [3][4][5][6].…”

“…Nonetheless, the exorbitant cost of IL and the intricate experimental procedures render the process financially impractical. As a result, this research endeavors to enhance bioethanol production within biorefineries by formulating an optimized bioethanol fabrication scheme via the employment of SuperPro Designer (SPD) software [5]. The system design uses SPD software, which has a verified chemical procedure unit.…”

Analysis of the Effect of Dimensional Variation and Number of Air Inlets on the Efficiency of Gasification Stoves using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Simulation

“…To minimize constraints in experimental testing, simulation experiments can be carried out, such as simulation in biomass refinery [9], [10]. In this research, we conducted a simulation by using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) software student version.…”