Analysis and Design of Critical Bridges Subjected to Blast Loads

Winget, David G.; Marchand, Kirk A.; Williamson, Eric B.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1243)

Cited by 84 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In the field of bridge engineering, comprehensive investigations are undertaken only sporadically. These are project-related (Starossek 1999, Zoli and Woodward 2005, Giuliani et al 2007 or dedicated to particular aspects like the effects of explosions and other accidental circumstances (Winget et al 2005, Son et al 2006. A holistic approach to progressive collapse and the establishment of design criteria is presented in Starossek (2009), Starossek and Wolff (2005) and Starossek (2006b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cable loss and progressive collapse in cable-stayed bridges

Wolff

Starossek

2009

Bridge Structures

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The failure of one structural element can lead to the failure of further structural elements and thus to the collapse of large sections or the entire structure. Such disproportionate collapses have been discussed and investigated for some years, but mainly for buildings. In the field of bridge engineering, this phenomenon attracts only sporadic attention. Although international guidelines for cable-stayed bridges require that the loss of one cable must not lead to the collapse of the entire structure, comprehensive analyses that include non-linear dynamic effects are rare. To simply account for dynamic effects, a quasi-static analysis with a dynamic amplification factor of 2.0 is recommended. This value is possibly too large, leading to uneconomic solutions. Therefore, this work examines the structural response of a cable-stayed bridge to the loss of one cable by means of dynamic analyses including large displacements. The effects of cable sag, transverse cable vibrations and structural damping are determined and dynamic amplification factors are computed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cable loss and progressive collapse in cable-stayed bridges

Wolff

Starossek

2009

Bridge Structures

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“…Preliminary analysis and existing literature ͑e.g., Winget et al 2005͒ indicate that the combined effects of spalling and cratering, and possibly breaching, control the design of substructure concrete members subjected to close-in blast loading. In this context, "spalling and cratering" refer to disengagement of the concrete at the back and front sides of the member, respectively, and "breaching" describes punching through the full concrete thickness ͑UFC 2004͒.…”

Section: Cfst Columns Bridge Pier-bent Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Multihazard Resistant Bridge Piers Having Concrete-Filled Steel Tube under Blast Loading

2008

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This paper presents the development and experimental validation of a multizard bridge pier concept, i.e., a bridge pier system capable of providing an adequate level of protection against collapse under seismic and blast loading ͑but not acting simultaneously͒. A multicolumn pier-bent with concrete-filled steel tube ͑CFST͒ columns is the proposed concept, and the adequacy of this system is experimentally investigated under blast loading. This paper describes simplified blast analysis, multihazard design of bridge piers, and blast experimental program and results. Additionally, the results from the blast experiments are compared with the results from the simplified method of analysis considering an equivalent single degree of freedom system having an elastic-perfectly plastic behavior. It is found that prototype bridge CFST columns can be designed to provide both satisfactory seismic performance and adequate blast resistance. It is also shown that the CFST columns exhibited a ductile behavior under blast load in a series of tests at 1 / 4 scale. Maximum deformation of the columns could be calculated using simplified analysis considering a factor to account for the reduction of pressures on the circular column and determined from this experimental program.

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“…This is because modeling and dynamically solving the whole bridge of any kind are time consuming and sometimes considering all possible scenarios is impossible. For instance, the behavior of a bridge parts in SPAN32 software was studied [12]. They have imported the loads from the program of BLASTX and parts of the bridge are treated as the single degree of freedom members.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling, Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofitting of a Generic Seismically Designed Concrete Bridge Subjected to Blast Loading

2016

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In this article, general procedures for vulnerability assessment and retrofitting of a generic seismically designed bridge are outlined and the bridge's damage criteria for blast resistance are explained. The generic concrete bridge is modeled and analyzed with the finite element technique implemented in ANSYS LS-DYNA environment and explosion threats are categorized into three main levels. Uncoupled dynamic technique is adopted to apply the blast loads on the bridge structure; damage and performance levels are resulted based on quantitatively verified damage mechanisms for the bridge members. The results show that, among different loading scenarios, the explosions that happen under deck are more critical compared to blasts initiating from over deck sources. Furthermore, two retrofitting methods: (1) concrete filled steel tube (CFST) and (2) concrete jacket are applied on the bridge columns. The program AUTODYN is used with coupled dynamic analysis of a column to compare the effectiveness of each method. Afterward, more efficient method for a column is applied to the whole bridge and its efficiency is revaluated. It is shown that CFST can decrease concrete spall, scabbing, rotation, displacements and shear forces more than the concrete jacket. Considering the proposed damage and performance levels, the bridge retrofitted with CFST reacts with lower damage level and higher performance level to blast loads.

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Analysis and Design of Critical Bridges Subjected to Blast Loads

Cited by 84 publications

References 1 publication

Cable loss and progressive collapse in cable-stayed bridges

Cable loss and progressive collapse in cable-stayed bridges

Experimental Investigation of Multihazard Resistant Bridge Piers Having Concrete-Filled Steel Tube under Blast Loading

Modeling, Vulnerability Assessment and Retrofitting of a Generic Seismically Designed Concrete Bridge Subjected to Blast Loading

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