Analysis and characterization of orientation structure of pre-oxidized PAN fibers in high magnetic fields

Ren, Xuhua; Wang, Yuansheng; He, Tao; Xia, Zhengcai

doi:10.1007/s11595-014-0897-4

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The energy consumption structure of the city, which is overly dependent on coal, has led to a low degree of energy optimization. The inhibitory effect of the decreasing share of coal consumption on carbon emissions is not yet sufficient to balance the negative growth of carbon emissions [73], and the energy consumption structure of Heilongjiang Province has not yet been significantly improved [74]. In the 14th Five-year Plan of Heilongjiang Province, the proportion of industrial output value must increase to 30% by 2025.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial–Temporal Pattern Characteristics and Impact Factors of Carbon Emissions in Production–Living–Ecological Spaces in Heilongjiang Province, China

Guo

et al. 2023

Land

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Under the threat of global climate change, China has proposed a dual carbon goal of peak carbon and carbon neutrality. As the vital carrier for territorial spatial planning, production–living–ecological (PLE) spaces drive carbon emissions and are important to the dual carbon goals. In this study, carbon emissions and sinks of PLE spaces in cities in Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2020 were calculated and spatial–temporal changes were analyzed. The carbon emission structure was analyzed in segmentation sectors. The land use changes and socioeconomic factors on carbon emissions were analyzed, and emission reduction strategies were implemented. The results show the following: (1) Carbon emissions from production and living spaces increased yearly. Carbon sinks were smaller than emissions, but capacity was stable. (2) Higher-emission cities were concentrated in southwest Heilongjiang, and carbon emission differences between regions gradually increased. (3) Among carbon emission sectors, agricultural and household made up smaller proportions, while animal husbandry, industrial, transportation, and traffic travel contributed most. Carbon emission structures were transformed by adjusting urban development and industrial structure. (4) For most cities, industrial space was the main emission space, but agricultural production and urban–rural living spaces dominated in some cities. (5) GDP, urbanization rate, and area of city paved roads suppressed emissions in cities with decreased carbon emission grades. The industrial structure and coal consumption inhibited emissions in cities with maintaining and increasing carbon emissions grades.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial–Temporal Pattern Characteristics and Impact Factors of Carbon Emissions in Production–Living–Ecological Spaces in Heilongjiang Province, China

Guo

et al. 2023

Land

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“…Using high magnetic field is another way to improve the orientation of the OPF structure, which has a better result than tension. 22 Karacan and Erdoğan 23 investigated the mechanical properties of the OPF. They reported that increasing the thermal stabilization time decreased the tensile strength and elongation of the OPF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of interlayer hybridization of carbon, Kevlar, and glass fibers with oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers on the mechanical behaviors of hybrid composites

Ebrahimnezhad‐Khaljiri

Eslami‐Farsani

Akbarzadeh

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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This study focuses on tensile and flexural behaviors of epoxy composites, which have been reinforced by oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers and high-performance fibers (carbon, glass, and Kevlar). In hybrid composites, the parameters of hybridization show positive or negative hybrid effects on its mechanical properties. The results of energy absorption achieved from the tensile test depicted that reinforced hybrid composites by two plies of oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber and two plies of carbon, Kevlar, and glass fibers with energy absorption of 916, 700, and 899 kJ m–3 had the maximum hybridization parameter, which were 1.1, 0.64, and 1.54, respectively. Also, the mentioned hybrid composites with flexural stresses of 279.4, 198.5, and 167.3 MPa had the maximum hybridization parameter in a flexural test, which were 3.01, 2.68, and 1.80, respectively. Hybrid composites, which were reinforced by three plies of oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber/one ply carbon fibers, three plies of oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber/one ply of glass fibers, and two plies of oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber/two plies of Kevlar fibers, had the maximum pseudo strain in their group, which were 0.12%, 0.65%, and 0.17%, respectively. The microstructure investigations depicted crossing cracks among oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber and cutting the oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber, which were caused to increase the hybridization parameters in mechanical tests. Also, it was found that as compared with carbon, glass, and Kevlar fibers, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber had a ductile fracture, which was the reason for the pseudo-ductility behavior in hybrid composites.

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The effect of hybridization on thermal and mechanical properties of glass/oxidized PAN fibers-polymer composites

Ebrahimnezhad‐Khaljiri

Eslami‐Farsani

2015

Fibers Polym

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Analysis and characterization of orientation structure of pre-oxidized PAN fibers in high magnetic fields

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial–Temporal Pattern Characteristics and Impact Factors of Carbon Emissions in Production–Living–Ecological Spaces in Heilongjiang Province, China

Spatial–Temporal Pattern Characteristics and Impact Factors of Carbon Emissions in Production–Living–Ecological Spaces in Heilongjiang Province, China

Effect of interlayer hybridization of carbon, Kevlar, and glass fibers with oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers on the mechanical behaviors of hybrid composites

The effect of hybridization on thermal and mechanical properties of glass/oxidized PAN fibers-polymer composites

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