“…For modelling a synchronous generator, the q-d axis model referred to the rotor reference frame is adopted, of which the electrical data are listed in Table II, where R s , X ls are the resistance and leakage reactance of the stator, respectively; R fd , X lfd are the resistance and leakage reactance of the field windings, respectively; X mq and X md are the magnetizing reactances referred to the q-axis and d-axis, respectively; and R kq , X lkq , R kd , X lkd are the resistances and leakage reactances referred to the q-axis and d-axis of damping windings, respectively. Based on the simplification process [17], the generator circuit model can be simplified to a single-axis circuit model shown in the right block of Fig. 2(a), where an ideal transformer interfaces the electrical and mechanical parts.…”