“…According to researchers such as Metaxas (2007) and Tall (1993) conceptual understanding does not happen sufficiently and completely in the learning of integral because instructors and students focus on the symbolic aspect rather than graphical (Brijlall & Ndlaz, 2019;Moru & Qhobela, 2019;Wagner, 2018;Li et al, 2017;Tatar & Zengin, 2016), Moreover, there is no connection and relationship between graphical aspect and symbolical aspect through the learning of integral. Hence, students have difficulties in solving problems in integral because they do not use a framework or plan to solve the problems (Brijlall & Ndlaz, 2019;Nursyahidah & Albab, 2017;Li et al, 2017). In addition, they also have difficulties in using their previous knowledge and information in new areas (Villers & Garner, 2008;Mason, 2010;Tarmizi, 2010).…”