Analogy between the effects of a mechanical and chemical perturbation on the conductivity of passive films

Vignal, V.; Valot, C.; Oltra, R.; Verneau, M.; Coudreuse, L.

doi:10.1016/s0010-938x(01)00162-7

Cited by 54 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is probable that the difference in Volta potentials ( Figure 9) is related to residual stress that originates from the grinding. 16,36 On the other hand, measurements of capacitance showed that rougher steel surface may lead to higher disordering of the surface oxide, which can also change the electronic properties of the film. SKP and LEIS study of strained zones of 301 LN steel.-It is also important to evaluate the effect of straining in the presence of the electrolyte.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…43 A similar effect of cold work or straining on the capacitance of the oxide film was observed in few studies. [15][16][17]40,41,44 In these works, the effect of mechanical work was explained by increasing the densities of the donors or acceptors that changes the properties of the semiconducting oxide film. On the other hand, it was observed that stress has only a small influence on the flatband potential of the oxide films.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,15,16 Martensite was formed in deformed areas, where slip planes intercepted the passive film and a large number of dislocations may be concentrated.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…16,17 The conductivity and capacitance of the oxide film increased when an elastic or a plastic stress was applied. This effect was explained by an increase of the concentration of donors and acceptors compared to a stress-free state.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Назаров

Vivier

Thierry

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The influence of mechanical stress on the electrochemical properties of ferritic steel SAE 1008 and austenitic stainless steel 301LN was studied using Scanning Kelvin Probe and Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS) techniques. The probeworking electrode Volta potential difference was mapped in situ under load. It was found that the influence of elastic deformation on the potential was small. Plastic deformation decreased the potential of steel by 150-300 mV, whereas the relaxation of the load from the plastic domain increased the Volta potential. However, some locations, which can contain residual stress, remained at low potential. The pre-strained surfaces were characterized by X-ray Photo Electronic Spectroscopy and by Atomic Force Microscopy. Distribution of the capacitance across strained and strain-free surfaces was studied by LEIS in boric/borate electrolyte. The plastic stress increases the capacitance and decreases the ability of the steels to passivate the surface indicating that emerging of pile-ups of dislocations create defective oxide films. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is a well-known complex corrosion process caused by the combination of stress and corrosion, which can lead to wear, cracking or fatigue failures. In many cases, the residual stress from plastic deformation or wear accelerates the corrosion rate.1 In the classic film rupture model, tensile stress breaks the passive film creating anodic locations at the bottom of the crack, 2,3 which propagates through an activation/passivation process. This model was developed to the "slip dissolution-film rupture model" pointing out the importance of formation of dislocations and metal dissolution through dislocation slip lines.3,4 The slip dissolution-film rupture model of crack advance was discussed in details previously. 5 This model can predict the crack growth rate for the stainless steels, nickel alloys, and low-alloy steels in high temperature water. 6 The effect of the yielding on the rate of dissolution of many metals was found to be much pronounced in comparison with the influence of elastic deformation. 7 The dissolution rate showed a marked rise at the beginning of the plastic region that is asymptotic with increasing strain. Similar effects of plastic deformation on the anodic current during dissolution were also found for stainless steels.8 To explain this mechanical-electrochemical effect, both the increase of dissolution rate at slip edges and dislocations, and the increase of surface roughness from plastic deformation were pointed out.8 On the other hand, the selective slip dissolution can be ascribed to the local excess of Gibbs potential, 7,8 thus contradicting earlier works. Hoar 9 has shown that both enthalpy and entropy of activation were not significantly altered by cold work, which meant that the free energy of activation for anodic reaction should remain almost constant. A calorimetric study 10 showed that residual energy from cold work was less than 7 calories per gram without any significant impact on ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,15,16 Martensite was formed in deformed areas, where slip planes intercepted the passive film and a large number of dislocations may be concentrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Назаров

Vivier

Thierry

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…5 Load also affects the electrochemical properties of passive films; the polarization resistance of the steel decreases and its capacitance and conductivity increase when external elastic or plastic load is applied. [5][6][7] These changes can be explained by a rupture of the oxide and by an increased number of oxygen vacancies under a stress state, subsequently increasing the amount of donors and acceptors. 5,[8][9][10] Dislocations generated during loading give rise to a less protective passive film and decrease the ability of the steel to repassivate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Potential Distribution on a 301 LN Stainless Steel Surface

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Назаров

Vucko

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The aim of the present work was to study the influence of the stress on the electrode potential of the austenitic stainless steel301LN using Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP). It was found that elastic deformation reversibly ennobles the potential whereas plasticdeformation decreases the potential in both tensile and compressive deformation mode and this decrease is retained even 24 h afterremoval of the load. To interpret the stress effects, different surface preparations were used and the composition and thickness ofthe passive film were determined by GDOES. Slip steps formed due to plastic deformation were observed using AFM. The effect ofplastic strain on the potential is explained by the formation of dislocations, which creates more a defective passive film.

QC 20160516

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Investigation of the passivation process of plastically deformed 316L stainless steel using the high frequency capacitance obtained by EIS

Boudinar¹,

Belmokre²,

Touzet

et al. 2018

Materials & Corrosion

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This paper was devoted to the study of changes of electrochemical processes (dissolution, passivation) induced by the plastic strain of a 316L austenitic stainless steel in a chloride acid solution (H2SO4 2 M + NaCl 0.5 M). For this purpose, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods have been used for various plastic strain values. In order to only assess the effect of internal stresses created by various dislocation configurations on the dissolution and passivation processes without considering the surface roughness impact, electrochemical experiments have been carried out after polishing the specimen surface. The obtained results show that the electrochemical parameters (corrosion current, activation current peak, high frequency capacitance) change with the increase of plastic strain with the same behavior as the work hardening phases of the material in relation to dislocation pattern.

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Analogy between the effects of a mechanical and chemical perturbation on the conductivity of passive films

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Effect of Mechanical Stress on the Properties of Steel Surfaces: Scanning Kelvin Probe and Local Electrochemical Impedance Study

Influence of Mechanical Stress on the Potential Distribution on a 301 LN Stainless Steel Surface

Investigation of the passivation process of plastically deformed 316L stainless steel using the high frequency capacitance obtained by EIS

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