Analog Circuit for Timing Measurements With Large Area SiPMs Coupled to LYSO Crystals

Gola, A.; Piemonte, C.; Tarolli, Alessandro

doi:10.1109/tns.2013.2252196

Cited by 76 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Better results have been obtained with similar SiPMs and crystals, however we did not optimize the bias voltage for timing performance and our measurement were carried out at a temperature of 20 ° C. For SiPMs, the timing resolution varies with bias voltage and better timing resolution can be obtained at lower temperature, as the noise of SiPMs is decreased [28]–[29]. …”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time-Walk Correction Method for PET Detectors Based on Leading Edge Discriminators

Schmall

Judenhofer

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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The leading edge timing pick-off technique is the simplest timing extraction method for PET detectors. Due to the inherent time-walk of the leading edge technique, corrections should be made to improve timing resolution, especially for time-of-flight PET. Time-walk correction can be done by utilizing the relationship between the threshold crossing time and the event energy on an event by event basis. In this paper, a time-walk correction method is proposed and evaluated using timing information from two identical detectors both using leading edge discriminators. This differs from other techniques that use an external dedicated reference detector, such as a fast PMT-based detector using constant fraction techniques to pick-off timing information. In our proposed method, one detector was used as reference detector to correct the time-walk of the other detector. Time-walk in the reference detector was minimized by using events within a small energy window (508.5 – 513.5 keV). To validate this method, a coincidence detector pair was assembled using two SensL MicroFB SiPMs and two 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm × 20 mm polished LYSO crystals. Coincidence timing resolutions using different time pick-off techniques were obtained at a bias voltage of 27.5 V and a fixed temperature of 20 °C. The coincidence timing resolution without time-walk correction were 389.0 ± 12.0 ps (425 –650 keV energy window) and 670.2 ± 16.2 ps (250–750 keV energy window). The timing resolution with time-walk correction improved to 367.3 ± 0.5 ps (425 – 650 keV) and 413.7 ± 0.9 ps (250 – 750 keV). For comparison, timing resolutions were 442.8 ± 12.8 ps (425 – 650 keV) and 476.0 ± 13.0 ps (250 – 750 keV) using constant fraction techniques, and 367.3 ± 0.4 ps (425 – 650 keV) and 413.4 ± 0.9 ps (250 – 750 keV) using a reference detector based on the constant fraction technique. These results show that the proposed leading edge based time-walk correction method works well. Timing resolution obtained using this method was equivalent to that obtained using a reference detector and was better than that obtained using constant fraction discriminators.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time-Walk Correction Method for PET Detectors Based on Leading Edge Discriminators

Schmall

Judenhofer

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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“…Furthermore electronic collimation ensures the confinement region is the same in both scintillator crystals. In figure 3 we see the expected degradation of the CTR with increasing crystal length [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]. The full set of results are given in table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Depth of Interaction upon the Performance of Scintillator Detectors

Brown¹,

Gundacker

Taylor³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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The uncertainty in time of particle detection within a scintillator detector, characterised by the coinci- dence time resolution (CTR), is explored with respect to the interaction position within the scintillator crystal itself. Electronic collimation between two scintillator detectors is utilised to determine the CTR with depth of interaction (DOI) for different materials, geometries and wrappings. Significantly, no rela- tionship between the CTR and DOI is observed within experimental error. Confinement of the interaction position is seen to degrade the CTR in long scintillator crystals by 10%.

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“…We used the same front-end circuit, which is described in [25], for both the reference and the NUV-LaBr 3 :Ce detector. The circuit is placed as close as possible to the detector, in order to minimize the parasitic capacitance of the connections, which could slow down the rising edge of the pulses.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and Energy Resolution of New Near-UV SiPMs Coupled to <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm LaBr}_3$</tex> </formula>:Ce for TOF-PET

Karp

Wiener

Surti

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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The high light output and fast decay time of LaBr3:Ce scintillation detectors leads to excellent timing performance. To realize the potential of timing resolution with LaBr3:Ce we have investigated the performance with SiPMs, which enable 1-to-1 coupling to individual crystals, and which have been optimized for the near-ultraviolet (NUV) scintillation light emission of LaBr3:Ce. Coincidence timing resolution (CTR) of 100 ps was measured for a 4×4×5 mm3 LaBr3:30%Ce crystal directly coupled to a large-area 4×4 mm2 NUV-SiPM. Results show very little dependence on temperature, in the range of −20° to 20°C, and bias voltage, from 2 V to 5 V over breakdown. Optimal performance was achieved at an over-voltage (OV) range of 3 V – 5 V, at which high gain and high photon detection efficiency are achieved. Though saturation was evident at 511 keV, an energy resolution of 6.8% was measured after correcting for non-linearity. We also measured a CTR of 110 ps for a 4×4×5mm3 LaBr3:5%Ce crystal and 245 ps for a 4×4×30 mm3 LaBr3:5%Ce crystal using the NUV-SIPM. The poorer timing measurement for the 30-mm long crystal is due mainly to a systematic shift in the time pick-off as a function of the depth-of-interaction. The excellent temperature stability, fast rise time, high gain, and low noise of the NUV-SiPM make it a practical and highly appealing photodetector for the readout of a LaBr3:Ce TOF-PET detector.

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Analog Circuit for Timing Measurements With Large Area SiPMs Coupled to LYSO Crystals

Cited by 76 publications

References 12 publications

A Time-Walk Correction Method for PET Detectors Based on Leading Edge Discriminators

A Time-Walk Correction Method for PET Detectors Based on Leading Edge Discriminators

Influence of Depth of Interaction upon the Performance of Scintillator Detectors

Timing and Energy Resolution of New Near-UV SiPMs Coupled to <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm LaBr}_3$</tex> </formula>:Ce for TOF-PET

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