Analiza podobieństwa sytuacji makroekonomicznej i poziomu inwestycji w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2018-2020 w kontekście pandemii Covid-19

Abstract

The purpose of this article was to determine the macroeconomic and investment situation in 2018-2020 in the Member States of the European Union. The work also deals with the division of the European Union into three parts: the core, the periphery, and Central and Eastern Europe. A critical analysis of the scientific literature was used to present the economic consequences of the pandemic. Ward's method was used to create a few clusters of European Union Member States that are most similar to each other in terms of macroeconomic situation and investments. During the pandemic, the macroeconomic and investment situation worsened. Moreover, there are three groups of member states in the European Union, which indicates that there are still significant development and economic disproportions between the groups in the EU.

Foreign Direct Investments in Poland against Countries of Visegrad Group

“…Investments are a significant component of the process of shaping economic conditions (Nowak & Ryć 2002;Próchniak & Rapacki 2012). Furthermore, the recent years of the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated that the macroeconomic and investment situation in many countries, including the EU member states, has deteriorated and that there are still considerable disproportions between groups of countries in terms of their development and economy (Pukin & Markowski, 2022).…”