Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Tani Padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya

Abstract

ENGLISHCepu District of Blora Regency is a productive area of rice. The purpose of the study was to analyze rice farming income and factors affecting it including the land area, rice production, selling price of grain, fertilizer price, seed price, and labor usage in Cepu District. The research locations were chosen purposively, namely Kentong Village, and Cabean Village. The sample used simple random technique consisting of 140 farmers. Data collection was conducted through observation and interviews. The data were analyzed in a descriptive –quantitative approach. The results showed that the average production cost of rice was IDR 10,816,274.52/MT, the average revenue was IDR 21,446,678.57/MT and the average income was IDR 10,678,618.34/MT with an average profitability of 98.73%. This yield is higher rate compared to Bank’s deposit interest with a 3-month tenor, 2.3%. . All factors had affected income simultaneously. The land area, amount of production, selling price of grain, fertilizer costs, and seed costs had a partial effect on income. The usage of labor had no partial effect on income. Rice farming in Cepu District can be improved continuosly through increasing the amount of rice production and selling prices as well as the efficient use of fertilizers and seeds. INDONESIAKecamatan Cepu, Kabupaten Blora menjadi wilayah produsen padi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pendapatan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani padi yang meliputi luas lahan, jumlah produksi, harga jual gabah, harga pupuk, harga benih, dan curahan tenaga kerja di Kecamatan Cepu. Lokasi riset dipilih secara purposive yaitu Desa Kentong, dan Desa Cabean. Sampel menggunakan teknik acak sederhana mencakup 140 petani. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif-kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya produksi rata-rata yang dikeluarkan oleh petani padi di Kecamatan Cepu senilai Rp 10.816.274,52/MT, penerimaan rata-rata senilai Rp21.446.678,57/MT dan pendapatan rata-rata senilai Rp 10.678.618,34/MT dengan profitabilitas rata-rata senilai 98,73%. Hasil tersebut lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan bunga deposito Bank dengan tenor 3 bulan yaitu 2,3%. Faktor luas lahan, jumlah produksi, harga jual gabah, biaya pupuk, biaya benih, curahan tenaga kerja berpengaruh secara serempak terhadap pendapatan. Faktor luas lahan, jumlah produksi, harga jual gabah, biaya pupuk, dan biaya benih berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap pendapatan.Curahan tenaga kerja tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap pendapatan.Usaha tani padi di Kecamatan Cepu dapat terus ditingkatkan melalui peningkatan jumlah produksi dan harga jual padi serta penggunaan pupuk dan benih secara efisien.