ANALISIS JUMLAH BAKTERI CAIRAN KANTUNG TUMBUHAN Nepenthes ampullaria YANG TERDAPAT DI HUTAN CAGAR ALAM LEMBAH HARAU SUMATERA BARAT

Abstract

Some groups of microbes living in the fluid bag Nepenthes plants can provide an important role for the plant Nepenthes in maintaining viability. Some bacteria symbiosis with plant Nepenthes in obtaining nutrients for the necessities of life. The presence of bacteria in a medium can be influenced by various factors, as well as the bacteria present in the fluid sac. Nepenthes ampillaria is one kind of living in the few areas in West Sumatra. But there is no report which describes the condition of bacteria contained in the liquid. This study aims to determine the amount of bacteria found in some of the fluid sac N. ampullaria. N. ampularia sac fluid collected in the area Bukik creep Nature Reserve Harau Valley West Sumatra. Fluid bag obtained through direct surveys to creep Bukik forest. The isolation of the bacteria in the fluid bag made with a method spear plate. Observations carried out for each isolate colonies of bacteria that grow from each culture and the purification process. Based on the results of the isolation of bacteria in the fluid sac N. ampullaria obtained 36 isolates of bacteria were spread on a sac of fluid under different conditions. The number of bacteria contained in the fluid sac Nepenthes ampullaria plants are not much different for each bag. These results showed no significant difference in the number of isolates that although the fluid coming from the bag with different conditions.

Arthropods discovered in lower and upper pitchers of Nepenthes at Rampa-Sitahuis Hill, North Sumatra, Indonesia

“…On the other hand, Culicidae were discovered alive and in the larval stage in a yellowish and occasionally black liquid (pH 2.8-4.9). This finding is consistent with Hidayat (2016) research, which indicates that the fluid in the pitcher of N. ampullaria is occasionally clear or cloudy and frequently contains dead arthropods. Culicidae larvae found in Nepenthes pitchers were still alive.…”

“…The extreme condition of the Nepenthes pitchers' fluid renders organisms incapable of survival. This finding corroborates Hidayat (2016) assertion that numerous bacterial species reside in this fluid and participate in the substrate degrading process (Biteau et al 2013;Chou et al 2014;Gilbert et al 2020). The presence of bacteria with a high variety index benefits Nepenthes growth by providing additional nutrients.…”

“…The presence of bacteria with a high variety index benefits Nepenthes growth by providing additional nutrients. Additionally, the presence of bacteria is influenced by a variety of parameters, including the location and growing conditions of Nepenthes, nutrition availability, and the state of the pitchers' fluid (Chou et al 2014;Takeuchi et al 2015;Hidayat 2016;Gilbert et al 2020). The hue of Nepenthes pitchers' liquid is determined by the particles suspended in it, the remains of Arthropod carcasses, and the chemical enzymes involved in the pitchers' symbiotic interaction with these animals.…”

“…Additionally, observations indicate that dead arthropods' remains add a white tint and a distinct yellowish pigment to Nepenthes pitchers' fluid. Nepenthes pitchers' fluid is frequently brimmed with dead arthropods such as ants, spiders, and beetles and living creatures such as mosquito larvae (Culicidae) (Mithöfer 2011;Hidayat 2016;Vong et al 2021). This finding corroborates Bazile et al (2012); Moran et al (2012); Thornham et al (2012); and Moran et al (2013) who reported that various arthropod families could exist in the Nepenthes pitchers' fluid.…”

“…In addition to rotting arthropods, the Nepenthes pitchers' fluid contains various species of bacteria (Hidayat 2016). Arthropods and other predatory creatures trapped in Nepenthes pitchers accelerate decomposition and boost the plant's nutritional availability (Takeuchi et al 2015;Hidayat 2016;Gilbert et al 2020). Adlassnig et al (2011) assert that the Arthropod family trapped in Nepenthes pitchers affects the characteristics of the Nepenthes pitchers' bacteria.…”