Análisis energético de las viviendas del centro-sur de Chile

Abstract

1Energy analysis of housing in the central-south of Chile RESUMEN -El desarrollo residencial en la zona centro-sur de Chile (regiones VII, VIII y IX) ha logrado cubrir las demandas habitacionales, fundamentalmente con viviendas aisladas en baja densidad, de tipologías y sistemas constructivos similares. Los retos de la reconstrucción tras el terremoto que asoló la zona el 27 de Febrero de 2010 se están abordando con edificaciones semejantes, aplicando una normativa térmica, inédita en Latinoamérica, pero poco exigente en relación a estándares internacionales, que logran una mayor reducción de la demanda energética. Además, las condiciones climáticas de la zona permitirían una considerable mejora de las prestaciones térmicas de los edificios si se consideraran algunas características tipológicas referidas a la agrupación, el soleamiento, la distribución de la masa térmica y las mejoras de la envolvente. Este artículo revisa características ambientales y morfológicas de las edificaciones residenciales en la zona, planteando recomendaciones de diseño y construcción que podrían aplicarse para promover viviendas más eficientes energéticamente.Palabras clave: vivienda, eficiencia energética, hábitat sustentable, Chile.ABSTRACT -Housing development in the central-south area of Chile (Regions VII, VIII and IX) gives response to the needs for housing with low density detached dwellings of similar typologies and constructive systems. The challenges of the reconstruction process after the earthquake of the 27 th of February 2010 are been faced with similar buildings, applying a thermal regulation that is innovative in Latin America, but not rigorous enough when compared with international standards that achieve more important reductions in energy demand. In addition, the climatic conditions of the area would allow a considerable improvement of the thermal performance of buildings if some typological strategies related to group layout, solar incidence, thermal mass and thermal envelope are considered. This article reviews some environmental and morphological characteristics of residential buildings in the area, proposing recommendations for design and construction phase that could be applied in order to promote more energy efficient housing.

Does energy efficiency matter to real estate-consumers? Survey evidence on willingness to pay from a cost-optimal analysis in the context of a developing country

“…The OECD has also noted the matter and strongly recommended that the country move forward on the best standards for thermal envelopes (Caldera Sánchez, 2012). In general, the national experts have been valued these standards as initial definition but as deficient in terms of their effective contribution to housing energy efficiency (Bustamante et al, 2009a(Bustamante et al, , 2009bCelis et al, 2012;Collados and Armijo, 2008), since has also not been updated in ten years. This limitations can be understood by the fact that are intended to address "no more than the minimum conditions for the average household, or to act as palliative solutions for highly inadequate dwellings" (Bunster and Noguchi, 2015).…”

Sustainability Attributes in Real Estate Development: Private Perspectives on Advancing Energy Regulation in a Liberalized Market

“…However, this regulation, whose standards have been assessed as an initial definition, but are admittedly lacking in terms of their effective contribution to the energy efficiency of homes [32][33][34], has not been updated in 10 years. In addition, these standards refer exclusively to performance in winter-which is not addressed from a performance-based perspective-and does not include any criteria for summer.…”

Proposal of Acceptable Air Tightness Classes for Buildings in Chile

“…This amount is between 50% and 200% higher in the different regions than the quantity it should have if it envelopes had optimal thermal protections, as suggested by multiple studies (Damico et al, 2012;Escorcia et al, 2012;Trebilcock, Celis&Miotto, 2012). Figure 1 shows that supplying the same heating services varies significantly depending on the region of the country the house is located.…”