Análisis de la hidatidosis humana en la Región de Coquimbo entre los años 2008 y 2012

Soto-Aguilar, Andrea; Junod, Tania; Campillay, Mauricio; Acosta‐Jamett, Gerardo; Landaeta‐Aqueveque, Carlos

doi:10.4067/s0034-98872017000500007

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Los riesgos relativos son más claros en destacar una zona de riesgo desde Maule hacia el sur, que corresponde a la zona ganadera y un foco en la Región de Coquimbo. En esta última región, la prevalencia de equinococosis canina se ha estimado en 7,2% y varía entre 5,9% en caprinos y 23,9% en bovinos 26 . Así, en esta región, la hidatidosis es favorecida por la existencia de un gran número de animales de abasto en zonas rurales, la pobreza y el menor acceso a los servicios de salud 22 .…”

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“…En nuestro estudio la zona de riesgo es clara en esta enfermedad: desde Arica y Parinacota hasta la Región de Valparaíso, la que es coincidente con lo que señalan las tasas de casos notificados, mostrando una buena relación entre notificaciones de casos y defunciones. La zona de riesgo de la enfermedad de Chagas coincide con la zona de distribución del vector doméstico (T. infestans) (18-34 ºLS) y los vectores silvestres Mepraia gajardoi (18-24 ºLS) y M. spinolai (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Aunque en los últimos años ha existido una mayor dispersión de los casos explicado por migraciones, esto aún no se manifiesta en las zonas de riesgo de mortalidad.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Estimaciones de la distribución espacial del riesgo relativo de mortalidad por las principales zoonosis en Chile: enfermedad de Chagas, hidatidosis, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus y leptospirosis

Reyes

Yohannessen

Ayala

et al. 2019

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Estimaciones de la distribución espacial del riesgo relativo de mortalidad por las principales zoonosis en Chile: enfermedad de Chagas, hidatidosis, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus y leptospirosis

Reyes

Yohannessen

Ayala

et al. 2019

Rev. chil. infectol.

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“…In Chile, human CE is more frequently present in the central and southern regions [14,15], although high variations have been observed within regions and between communes [16][17][18]. Knowledge of this disease is low in central Chile, and high death rates are reported in the Alto Biobío commune.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Vaccination Program against Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep in the Pehuenche Community of Central Chile

Gädicke

Heath

Medina-Brunet

et al. 2022

Animals

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Echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis that uses dogs and sheep as its main hosts in Chile. The Eg95 vaccine against sheep infection has been included in some control programs. Here, we assess the efficacy of the vaccination program in the hyperendemic Alto Biobío commune after 3 years of execution. Fisher’s test and generalized linear models were used in the assessment. The program tried to offer a first dose at 2 months of age, a booster 1 month later, and yearly vaccination. Given logistic difficulties, important delays in vaccination occurred, and most animals did not receive the first booster. Dog deworming was not included in the program. Likely due to the aforementioned factors, the overall frequency of infection was not lower, but the proportion of large (>5 mm) cysts and fertile cysts was smaller after the program. The frequency of infection and/or the number of cysts were lower when the age at first dose was younger and the first booster was administered 1 month after the first dose. The results suggest that vaccination affects both cyst development after the larvae reach the target organs, as well as the development of the protoscolex once the cysts start developing.

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Prevalence rate and risk factors of human cystic echinococcosis: A cross-sectional, community-based, abdominal ultrasound study in rural and urban north-central Chile

et al. 2022

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Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a neglected and underdiagnosed parasitic zoonosis that has a significant socioeconomic impact on rural communities relying on livestock farming. CE is endemic across Latin America, including Chile, where the Coquimbo region exhibits a relatively high record of hospital-based human cases and infected animals. However, the incidence of hospitalized CE cases may underestimate the real burden of infection in a population, since the majority of cases never reach medical attention or official disease records. Methodology/Principal findings In 2019, a cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted with the objectives of estimating for the first time the prevalence of human abdominal CE using abdominal ultrasound (US) screening in volunteers residing in urban and rural localities of the Monte Patria municipality located in Limarí province, Coquimbo region, Chile, and identifying the risk factors associated with human infection. Pre-screening activities included a 16-h lecture/hands-on training aimed at rural physicians that focused on the diagnosis of CE by US, based on current WHO recommendations. A total of 2,439 (~8% of municipality inhabitants) people from thirteen target localities were screened by abdominal US in June-July 2019. We found an overall CE prevalence of 1.6% (95% CI 1.1–2.2) with a significantly higher likelihood of infection in rural localities, older age classes and people drinking non-potable water; 84.6% of infected volunteers were newly diagnosed with CE. Cysts were either in active or inactive stages in equal proportions; active cysts were detected in all age classes, while 95.7% of inactive cysts occurred in >40 years-old subjects. Conclusions/Significance This is the first US survey aimed at detecting human infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus s.l. in Chile. Our findings indicate a high CE prevalence in the area, and contribute to define the demographic and behavioral risk factors promoting the transmission of the parasitic infection within target communities. Our results support the implementation of cost-effective strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and control of CE, and the need to improve the epidemiological surveillance system in Chile.

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Análisis de la hidatidosis humana en la Región de Coquimbo entre los años 2008 y 2012

Abstract: (Rev Med Chile 2017; 145: 603-609)

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Estimaciones de la distribución espacial del riesgo relativo de mortalidad por las principales zoonosis en Chile: enfermedad de Chagas, hidatidosis, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus y leptospirosis

Estimaciones de la distribución espacial del riesgo relativo de mortalidad por las principales zoonosis en Chile: enfermedad de Chagas, hidatidosis, síndrome cardiopulmonar por hantavirus y leptospirosis

Assessment of the Vaccination Program against Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep in the Pehuenche Community of Central Chile

Prevalence rate and risk factors of human cystic echinococcosis: A cross-sectional, community-based, abdominal ultrasound study in rural and urban north-central Chile

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