Análise Temporal do Balanço Hídrico na Bacia do Rio das Pedras, Guarapuava, PR (Temporal Analysis of the Hydrous Balance of the Pedras River Basin, Guarapuava, PR)

Abstract

O conhecimento do balanço hídrico é de suma importância no gerenciamento de recursos hídricos. Neste contexto, o presente estudo avaliou o balanço hídrico na bacia do Rio das Pedras, localizada no município de Guarapuava, região centro-sul do Estado do Paraná. O método utilizado foi o do balanço hídrico simplificado. Os dados utilizados foram de precipitação pluvial e vazão diária do período de 1985 a 2009. Os meses de junho e agosto foram os que apresentaram os menores déficits hídricos, enquanto que janeiro e outubro os maiores. A evapotranspiração real média anual foi de 960,37 mm, o que representoucerca de 51% das precipitações pluviais médias anuais. Os elevados valores de evapotranspiração demonstram serem necessários significativos volumes de água para a manutenção ambiental na bacia do Rio das Pedras. A descarga fluvial do período apresentou uma média anual de 919,67 mm e a pluviosidade de 1.880,4 mm. Na bacia do Rio das Pedras os anos que apresentaram maiores pluviosidade e descarga líquida foram os anos sobre influencia do fenômeno El Niño. Palavras-chaves: disponibilidade hídrica, pluviosidade, debito fluvial, evapotranspiração. Temporal Analysis of the Hydrous Balance of the Pedras River Basin, Guarapuava, PR ABSTRACTThe hydric balance knowledge is of paramount importance in water resources management. This study evaluated the hydric balance in the Rio das Pedras watershed, which is located in Guarapuava, Parana-Brazil. The simplified water balance method was applied. The data analyses were: daily rainfall and river discharge for the period of 1985 to 2009. June and August were the months that had the lowest water deficit. While, January and October, displayed the highest water deficit. The actual annual average evapotranspiration was 960.37 mm, which is around of 51% of the annual rainfall average. The high evapotranspiration values ​​ were significant; and it indicates that high volumes of water are needed for environmental maintenance in the Rio das Pedras watershed. The watershed showed the river annual discharge average of 919.67 mm and rainfall of 1880.40 mm. In the Rio das Pedras watershed the years that had a clear higher precipitation and discharge were correlated to El Niño influences. Keywords: water availability, rainfall, river discharge, evapotranspiration.

Analysis of Morphometric Parameters of the Drainage Network and Road Network of the Ribeirão Paraíso Watershed, Jataí - GO

“…In a similar study in the Rio Guabiroba watershed, Guarapuava-PR, Cunha, Oliveira, and Thomaz (2014) reported that the road density was 4.02 km/km², which is higher than the natural drainage network (3.4 km/km²). Adding the natural drainage network and the road network, the extension reached 181.51 km, increasing the density to 7.5 km/km².…”

“…These should be considered as they change the dynamics of the watershed. Cunha and Thomaz (2017, p.431) reinforce that "the hydrological behavior of roads is the key to understanding their effects on the dynamics of watersheds" (CUNHA, 2010;CUNHA et al, 2010;CUNHA, 2011;CUNHA et al, 2014). This hydrological behavior of roads is varied; according to Cunha et al (2021), there is the facility for the road to intercept the subsurface flow; that is, the roads intercept the subsurface water and can expand the natural channel network.…”