Análise Numérica E Analítica Da Carga No Processo De Rolamento

Abstract

The rolling process is of great importance to the industry and the understanding is a fundamental function for its design and use. Currently there are two traditional processes for steel rolling: Hot rolling (from 1300 ⁰C to ⁰700 C) and cold rolling (at room temperature). The process consists in reducing the cross section of a billet by means of compressive forces, applied by rolling rolls, mounted in a rolling mill. In order to control the efforts in the mill, the billet usually passes several times between the rollers, with a thinner thickness each time less. Between each rolling, annealing processes may be applied to recover the ductility of the reduced metal by the scrubbing and pickling to remove the oxide layer formed on the surface. A good calibration of the rolling mill and material is important to avoid rolling defects, generating products with imprecise dimensions and undesirable deformations. Two mathematical models can be presented: Homogeneous Deformation Method and Equilibrium Method. A case study is proposed. The study consists in calculating the efforts required to laminate a defined steel billet, comparing both analytical formulations to the results obtained by Finite Element Method developed in ABAQUS software. The results of the analytical path are compared with the simulation results. Finally, the difference of the presented results can be explained by the consideration of the increase of the tension for plastic deformation due to the hardening by ABAQUS software.