Análise espaço-temporal da epidemia do HIV em idosos num estado amazônico brasileiro

Moraes, Thayse Moraes de; Fernandes, Wellington Augusto Andrade; Paes, Carlos Jaime Oliveira; Ferreira, Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff; Botelho, Eliã Pinheiro

doi:10.1590/1981-22562021024.210007

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…Além disso, em relação aos grupos compostos por indivíduos com idades de 20 a 49 anos e 50 a 79 anos, o padrão de diagnósticos/notificações por HIV tende a ser mantido quando se observa o estudo realizado por Oliveira et al (2020) e o compara a este trabalho, posto que, no segundo grupo (50 a 79 anos), um maior risco de contágio pode estar associado ao crescimento populacional quando se avalia a cidade de Belém do Pará (Moraes et al, 2021). No que tange à possibilidade de agravos naturais que decorrem do envelhecimento, característica desse grupo, as condições patológicas impostas pela doença podem ser potencializadas, de forma a recrudescer a possibilidade de internações e, consequentemente, de mortalidade (Santos et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Perfil epidemiológico da infecção por HIV no município de Belém, Pará, no período entre 2016 e 2021

Castelo

Sampaio

Fernandes

et al. 2022

RSD

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Introdução: O HIV é o vírus responsável pela AIDS e atinge a todos os grupos sociais do país. Pode ser adquirido de diversas maneiras, como a atividade sexual sem preservativos. Condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis são fatores de risco para a infecção pelo HIV. Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico do HIV entre os anos de 2016 a 2021 no município de Belém/PA. Metodologia: Estudo transversal descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Analisou-se a incidência de casos de HIV notificados na base de dados pública SINAN/DATASUS através das variáveis: idade, sexo, escolaridade, raça/cor e categoria de exposição hierárquica dos soropositivos (homossexual; bissexual; heterossexual; usuários de drogas injetáveis; transmissão vertical; ignorado). Resultados: encontrou-se um total de 1830 casos notificados nos 6 anos pesquisados, sendo que 2018 teve a maior taxa de incidência de HIV por 100.000 habitantes (34,45). Na distribuição por variáveis, a predominância dos casos foi para os homens, em níveis escolares correspondentes ao fundamental incompleto e o médio completo, pardos, com idades compreendidas no intervalo de 20-49 anos e heterossexuais, seguidos pelos homossexuais. Conclusão: caracterizou-se o perfil epidemiológico do HIV no município, de maneira a se evidenciar os grupos sociais mais atingidos, o impacto da pandemia da Covid-19 na testagem do HIV na cidade e a grande quantidade de dados ignorados ou em branco na base de dados SINAN/DATASUS (os quais impuseram uma observação limitada do perfil).

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Perfil epidemiológico da infecção por HIV no município de Belém, Pará, no período entre 2016 e 2021

Castelo

Sampaio

Fernandes

et al. 2022

RSD

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Factors associated with low knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in subnormal agglomerate, in the Brazilian Amazon

Ferreira

Oliveira

Freitas

et al. 2021

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Background: Populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban areas are more vulnerable to infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In these groups, inadequate knowledge about sexually transmitted infections can further increase the risk of contracting STIs. Aim: We investigated the factors associated with low knowledge about STIs in a peripheral population in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Belém, in the Amazon region that has a high percentage of subnormal agglomerates in an urban area and a high incidence of STIs. Random sampling was adopted which resulted in a sample of 320 participants. To assess knowledge about STIs, the self-administered Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire was used. To assess aspects of vulnerability, a questionnaire was constructed which is linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. The chi-square test, G test, and ordinal regression analyses were all performed. Findings: The sample of this study was composed of 320 participants. The mean age of the participants was 46.09 years. 37.5% (120), 50.6% (162), and 11.9% (38) showed low, medium, and high knowledge, respectively. Multiple analysis revealed that the factors associated with higher chance of having smaller knowledge about sexually transmitted infections were single/separated/divorced/widow(er) marital status (AOR: 1.80, CI: 1.15-2.84, P = 0.01); income equal to or less than one minimum wage (1.98, CI: 1.21-3.17, P = 0.00); equal to or over than 52 years old (AOR: 1.99, CI: 1.25-3.17, P = 0.00); lack of guidance by a health professional (AOR: 1.59, CI: 1.01-2.51, P = 0.04). Our results show that this community suffer from suboptimal levels of knowledge on STIs, which are linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. Characterising the risk and vulnerabilities factors allows for carrying out appropriate interventions for populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban area.

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HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and incidence of sexually transmitted infections in Brazil, 2018 to 2022: An ecological study of PrEP administration, syphilis, and socioeconomic indicators

Mendonça Gil,

Conrado,

Nascimento

et al. 2023

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is one of the pillars of a combination prevention strategy for reducing the risk of new infections caused by HIV. The daily use of antiretroviral drugs by individuals who are not infected with HIV is required to prevent infection. Although its efficacy has been well established in the literature, in recent years, the decreased supply of antiretroviral drugs has been associated with an increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and changes in the social determinants of health. An ecological study was conducted covering a five-year period (2018–2022), starting from the year of initiation of PrEP administration in Brazilian state capitals. Principal findings Descriptive analysis was performed, and the spatial distribution of study data was taken into account. Correlation analysis was used to assess the association between PrEP administration, the incidence and detection rate of STI, and socioeconomic data. The southern region showed the highest incidence rates of STI, but the northern and northeastern regions demonstrated the worst socioeconomic indicators, especially those related to illiteracy and basic sanitation. PrEP administration was significantly correlated with illiteracy (ρ = -0.658), per capita income (ρ = 0.622), public garbage collection (ρ = 0.612), syphilis (ρ = 0.628) and viral hepatitis (ρ = 0.419) incidences. Further, all STI were significantly associated with illiteracy and per capita income. Significance Our findings highlight the need to continue exploring PrEP use and rising syphilis rates. In terms of policy, PrEP administration appears to be inversely associated with regions of greater social vulnerability. Further efforts should focus on the social determinants and health needs of this population to improve access to PrEP and reduce social disparities.

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Análise espaço-temporal da epidemia do HIV em idosos num estado amazônico brasileiro

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Perfil epidemiológico da infecção por HIV no município de Belém, Pará, no período entre 2016 e 2021

Perfil epidemiológico da infecção por HIV no município de Belém, Pará, no período entre 2016 e 2021

Factors associated with low knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in subnormal agglomerate, in the Brazilian Amazon

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and incidence of sexually transmitted infections in Brazil, 2018 to 2022: An ecological study of PrEP administration, syphilis, and socioeconomic indicators

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