Análise de expressão gênica e metabolismo primário em cana-de-açúcar: sinalização de açúcares

Abstract

Sugarcane gene expression and primary metabolism analysis: sugar signaling Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), due the capacity of sucrose accumulation in high concentrations has been the focus in diverse biochemical and physiological studies. The relationship between leaf photosynthesis and sugar accumulation in the sink organ, the culm, is still not fully understood. In previous studies it has been observed that photosynthesis declines during culm maturation in commercial cultivars. Sugarcane leaves appears to posess the capacity to increase the sugars supply at the culm under increased conditions demand. In higher plants, sugar has an important role controlling growth and development, however, the signaling networks and their molecular and metabolic components are still not fully understood. To understand the mechanisms related to sugar accumulation and the metabolic mechanisms of sugar signaling, exogenous sugar signaling assays were performed. Followed by transcriptomics and metabolomics analyzes using a systems biology approach. Through this study it was possible to identify the relationship between the sugars and homologues signaling, the sugarcane development and the diverse pathways where they can act, such as glicolysis, sugar transporters, signaling genes, sucrose and trehalose metabolism. At the plant development, it was possible to notice time differences on the way the sugars were recognized, what can be related to the changing leaf roles, (sink-source) through the development. Also a higher sensitivity at 12 months than 4 months, as for the sugar signaling action or as the osmotic effect was observed, which presented higher expression profile and metabolic amount alteration. However the gene expression and metabolic responses seems to be opposite. Still, an optimal sugar concentration to develop a positive signaling should be forward investigated.