Análise da positividade da esquistossomose mansoni em Regionais de Saúde endêmicas em Pernambuco, 2005 a 2010

Lima

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

et al. 2016

Introduction: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infectious disease with a worldwide prevalence. The objective of this work is to identify risk areas for schistosomiasis mansoni transmission in the State of Sergipe, Brazil, during the period from 2005 to 2014. Methods: We conducted an epidemiological study with secondary data from the Information System Control Program of Schistosomiasis [Sistema de Informação do Programa de Controle da Esquistossomose (SISPCE)]. Temporal trends were analyzed to obtain the annual percentage change (APC) in the rates of annual prevalence. In addition to the description of general indicators of the disease, the spatial analysis was descriptive, by means of the estimator of intensity kernel, and showed spatial dependence by indicators of global Moran (I) and Local Index of Spatial Association (LISA). Thematic maps of spatial distribution were made, identifying priority intervention areas in need of healthcare. Results: There were 78,663 cases of schistosomiasis, with an average of 8.7% positivity recorded; 79.8% of the cases were treated, and Sergipe showed a decreasing positive trend (APC: -2.78). There was the presence of spatial autocorrelation and a significant global Moran index (I = 0.19; p-value = 0.03). We identified clusters of highrisk areas, mainly located in the northeast and southcentral of the state, which each had equally high infection rates. Conclusions: There was a decreasing positive trend of schistosomiasis in Sergipe. Spatial analysis identified the geographic distribution of risk and allowed the definition of priority areas for the maintenance and intensification of control interventions.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Spatial analysis for the identification of risk areas for schistosomiasis mansoni in the State of Sergipe, Brazil, 2005-2014

Lima

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

et al. 2016

“…The findings indicate that coastal regions and regions near watercourses (forest area/ Zona da Mata ), continue to have the highest prevalence rates and have higher proportions of locations with prevalence rates above 10% than do other regions [8, 12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pernambuco is one of the states where schistosomiasis is endemic; in Pernambuco, schistosomiasis affects 102 (55%) of the 185 municipalities, with regional differences [8], and between 10 and 50% of test results are positive [9, 10]. The death and hospitalization rates related to schistosomiasis are significantly higher in Pernambuco than in other Brazilian states [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a Brazilian public policy intervention to address schistosomiasis in Pernambuco state: the SANAR program, 2011–2014

et al. 2018

BackgroundBrazil is an endemic country for schistosomiasis in the Latin American and Caribbean countries. Pernambuco is a higher-endemic Brazilian state among the 19 states reporting the disease in the country; schistosomiasis affects 102 (55%) of its 185 municipalities. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment cycles of the SANAR Program (Plan to Reduce and Eliminate Neglected Diseases) in Pernambuco State in Northeast Brazil.MethodsA cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2014 via a household survey in 117 hyperendemic locations in the state of Pernambuco. We compared the schistosomiasis prevalence rates in hyperendemic locations, aggregated by geographical region, before and after the intervention. The dependent variable was a positive stool test result by the Kato-Katz method, and the main exposure variable was the number of treatment cycles (one/two). The covariables were the regions of the state and socioenvironmental, socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral characteristics.ResultsIn all, 12,969 individuals were interviewed, 8932 of whom had stool tests. Of these, 4969 (55.6%) underwent two cycles of collective treatment. Changes in the environmental conditions since 2011 were minimal. Comparison before (2011) and after (2014) treatment showed an average schistosomiasis prevalence of 18.6%, decreasing to 4.1% and 2.0% in locations with one and two treatment cycles, respectively. In 2014, the highest schistosomiasis prevalence was found in the forest area (2.8%), while the lowest was found in the northern region (1.2%) of the state. The adjusted analysis showed a lower occurrence of schistosomiasis in individuals living in areas with two treatment cycles than in individuals from areas with just one cycle (PR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47–0.89).ConclusionsThe political decision made in Pernambuco to implement the SANAR Program in 2011 greatly impacted the burden of schistosomiasis. This program was effective in reducing the occurrence of schistosomiasis in hyperendemic areas in Pernambuco, with a stronger response in areas with two cycles of collective treatment.

“…3 Dentre os fatores biológicos, demográficos, socioeconômicos, políticos e culturais que podem acarretar na transmissão da esquistossomose), estudos apontam que a prevalência da doença na região nordeste está relacionada à pobreza, higienização precária, saneamento básico deficiente e ao baixo desenvolvimento econômico. 1,[4][5][6] Dados publicados pelo DATASUS mostraram que no estado da Paraíba no ano de 2014 foram registrados 2.410 casos da doença nos municípios de Alhandra, Caaporã, Conde, João Pessoa, Lucena, Pitimbu, Rio Tinto, Santa Rita e Sapé, cidades localizadas na Zona da Mata e no litoral do Estado. Os eventos nestas cidades superaram as estatísticas de 2013, quando 2.020 pessoas foram acometidas pela enfermidade.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Consequentemente, quanto mais próximo de um, melhor o IDH do município.Acredita-se que esse acontecimento se justifica devido a cidade de João Pessoa ser um polo turístico, industrial e comercial, o que gera deslocamento de indivíduos infectados de áreas endêmicas, para as comunidades formadas na periferia das grandes cidades. Os aglomerados subnormais, ocupados de forma desorganizada, possuem péssimas condições de infraestrutura, saneamento básico, higiene e acesso a água de forma inadequada, esse conjunto de fatores contribuem para a contaminação de fontes aquáticas, tornam-se facilmente criadouros de caramujos e consequentemente, surgem novos focos da doença 12. Diante do exposto, o Ministério da Saúde tem o papel de atender grupos de zonas de maior risco de infestação da patologia, com o objetivo de diminuir sua transmissão e agravos, buscando melhorar o saneamento básico para áreas endêmicas.…”

unclassified

Tendência das proporções de casos notificados de Esquistossomose nos municípios endêmicos da Paraíba

et al. 2018

Objetivo: estudar a tendência das proporções de casos notificados de Esquistossomose nos municípios endêmicos da Paraíba entre 2005 e 2014. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados utilizados foram secundários, disponíveis no site do DATASUS através do SISPCE, entre os anos de 2005 e 2014, coletados no período de outubro de 2016. Foram realizados testes estatísticos, com auxílio do software R, para igualdade de proporções e teste de tendência de proporções. Resultados: Os casos de esquistossomose na Paraíba diminuíram no período analisado. O município de Alhandra e Caaporã não apresentaram tendência com base no teste. Já as cidades de João Pessoa, Sapé, Pitimbu, Conde apresentaram tendência decrescente e Lucena tendência crescente. Conclusão: Programas de controle da esquistossomose no estado da Paraíba apresentaram impactos positivos, levando a uma diminuição no número de casos na maioria das cidades em estudo.