Análise comparativa da expressão imuno-histoquímica da via PI3K-AKT-mTOR em displasias epiteliais, lesões irritativas e carcinomas espinocelulares

Abstract

Clinical information regarding sex, age of the patient and location of the lesions were compiled. The slides (HE staining) were observed by two pathologists and all cases were re-evaluated under light microscope. The proteins investigated were: pAKT, pmTOR, PS6, and p4EBP1. The staining pattern of the antibodies was quantified by acquiring images using a photomicroscope. In the captured image (400x magnification), the total of counted labeled cells, were divided by the total number of cells present in the field captured. The staining pattern was classified into positive and negative and also divided into degrees starting from "0" to "3". The study variables were evaluated by chi-square test, ANOVA F and univariate logistic regression analysis. Among all the cases of MN, positivity was found only for pS6(50% of cases); in FH cases immunoreactivity was observed in pS6 (54.8% of cases) and 4EBP1 (22.6% of cases). In LRD immunoreactivity was observed in pS6 (67.4% of cases), pAKT (56.2% of cases), p4EBP1 (41.7% of cases) and pmTOR (29.2% of cases), while for HRD cases positivity was found for pS6 (74% of cases), pAKT (68% of cases), p4EBP1 (44% of cases) and pmTOR (28% of cases). In SCCs cases positivity was found for pAKT (83.3% of cases), PS6 (77.4% of cases), p4EBP1 (50% of cases) and pmTOR (50% of cases). Statistically significant differences were observed in all positive study groups for the proteins pAKT, pmTOR and p4EBP.After the evaluation of SCC and the oral dysplasia groups, there were statistically significant differences for the study groups that showed imunorretivity for the proteins pAKT and pmTOR. Therefore, we conclude that all the proteins of the study are good biomarkers to differentiate normal tissue from OD and SCC, but only pAKT and pmTOR proteins could be related to carcinogenesis.