Analgesic effects of different pulse patterns of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on cold-induced pain in normal subjects

Papel da eletroanalgesia na função respiratória de pacientes submetidos à operação de revascularização do miocárdio

“…The present work followed all the criteria defined by Johnson et al [3], when detecting that the best analgesic effect of TENS over the cold induced pain was achieved when using frequencies between 20 and 80 Hz, being the latter pointed as the most efficient and, pulse sequence in 125 µs.…”

“…Following the parameters previously known by Johnson et al [3] that established the frequency of the device in 80 Hz with a biphasic square wave, symmetric in 125 µs pulses. The intensity of the current (mA) was defined according to the sensitivity of each patient.…”

“…The etiology of the pulmonary dysfunction following an open heart cardiac surgery definitely results from the multifactorial association amongst anesthesia, surgical trauma, extracorporeal circulation, cardiac arrest, surgery time, mechanical ventilation time and pain, causing, therefore, decrease in the functional residual capacity, increase of the intrapulmonary shunt and enlargement of the alveolus-artery difference of O2 [3].…”

Dose-specific Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Experimental Pain

“…26,49 Overall, TENS showed conflicting evidence of efficacy. Twenty-four trials reported positive outcomes 28,33,[36][37][38][39][41][42][43]45,[47][48][49][50]52,53,[55][56][57][58]61,64,65 (ie, a significant difference favoring TENS compared with an inactive control) and 19 trials reported negative outcomes 26,27,[29][30][31][32]34,35,40,44,46,51,54,59,60,62,63,66 (ie, no difference between TENS and an inactive control). No trials reported a significant difference favoring the control group.…”

An Investigation Into the Effect of Electrode Placement of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on Experimentally Induced Ischemic Pain in Healthy Human Participants

“…40,41,44 Nevertheless, controlled studies have demonstrated that TENS reduces experimental pain administered using heat stimuli, 22,45,46 cold stimuli, 31,47 and mechanical stimuli. 19,20,48 The primary purpose of this study was to examine hypoalgesia between electrode sites. The failure to detect differences between sites may be due in part to a 5 minutes TENS intervention that was too short to produce an effect.…”