Abstract:Pain management is necessary for all surgical procedures. Little scientific evidence about drug efficacy in donkeys is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol in donkeys undergoing orchiectomy under total intravenous anaesthesia with guaifenesin-ketamine-detomidine. A randomized blinded prospective clinical trial (Protocol n. 2021/0000338), was carried out on 18 clinically healthy donkeys undergoing bilateral orchiectomy. Patients were assigned to Group D (n = 8) or… Show more
“…In the current study, to prevent fog wound healing assessment in the present investigation, a single dose of systemic antibiotic was administered without NSAID [ 33 ]. There is no agreed-upon paradigm for the use of anti-inflammatory medications; [ 34 ] suggested the utilization of painkillers such as butorphanol in donkeys postoperatively to eliminate complications like delayed wound healing or prolonged recovery time.…”
Aim
The current research aimed to evaluate the potential effect of adding platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to the decellularized bovine pericardium (DBP) on the distal limb of donkeys’ full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing (Equus asinus).
Materials and Methods
Healthy male donkeys (n = 12) were used in this study. Under general anesthesia, 6 cm2 full-thickness incisions were made on the middle dorsolateral surface of both forelimbs’ metacarpi. The left forelimbs were control wounds, while the right wounds were treated with PRF/DBP. Control wounds were bandaged with a standard dressing after saline irrigation and were evaluated at days 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 post-wounding. PRF/DBP-treated wounds were dressed with a combination of PRF/DBP at the first, second, and third weeks post-wounding. Clinical and histopathological examinations of the wounds were performed to assess the healing process. Additionally, the immunohistochemical evaluation and gene expression profiles of myofibroblastic and angiogenic genes (transforming growth factor-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF-7), and collagen type 3α1) were analyzed.
Results
PRF/DBP wounds had a significantly faster healing process (61.3 ± 2.6 days) than control wounds (90.3 ± 1.4 days) (p < 0.05). The immunohistochemical examination and gene expression profile revealed significant enrichment in PRF/DBP wounds compared to control wounds.
Conclusion
PRF/DBP dressing can be considered a natural and cost-effective biomaterial for enhancing the recovery of donkeys’ distal limb injuries.
“…In the current study, to prevent fog wound healing assessment in the present investigation, a single dose of systemic antibiotic was administered without NSAID [ 33 ]. There is no agreed-upon paradigm for the use of anti-inflammatory medications; [ 34 ] suggested the utilization of painkillers such as butorphanol in donkeys postoperatively to eliminate complications like delayed wound healing or prolonged recovery time.…”
Aim
The current research aimed to evaluate the potential effect of adding platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to the decellularized bovine pericardium (DBP) on the distal limb of donkeys’ full-thickness cutaneous wounds healing (Equus asinus).
Materials and Methods
Healthy male donkeys (n = 12) were used in this study. Under general anesthesia, 6 cm2 full-thickness incisions were made on the middle dorsolateral surface of both forelimbs’ metacarpi. The left forelimbs were control wounds, while the right wounds were treated with PRF/DBP. Control wounds were bandaged with a standard dressing after saline irrigation and were evaluated at days 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28 post-wounding. PRF/DBP-treated wounds were dressed with a combination of PRF/DBP at the first, second, and third weeks post-wounding. Clinical and histopathological examinations of the wounds were performed to assess the healing process. Additionally, the immunohistochemical evaluation and gene expression profiles of myofibroblastic and angiogenic genes (transforming growth factor-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF-7), and collagen type 3α1) were analyzed.
Results
PRF/DBP wounds had a significantly faster healing process (61.3 ± 2.6 days) than control wounds (90.3 ± 1.4 days) (p < 0.05). The immunohistochemical examination and gene expression profile revealed significant enrichment in PRF/DBP wounds compared to control wounds.
Conclusion
PRF/DBP dressing can be considered a natural and cost-effective biomaterial for enhancing the recovery of donkeys’ distal limb injuries.
“…The aim of this study was to define an appropriate anaesthetic protocol that can be used to perform standard surgical procedures on buffalo calves. Because the anatomical and physiological characteristics of cows are similar to those of buffaloes, buffaloes are often considered and managed as cattle, but the impact of interspecies differences on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs should be considered [ 10 ]. We investigated the effect of two different intramuscular doses of xylazine for premedication, followed by ketamine induction, in water buffalo calves undergoing isoflurane maintenance anaesthesia for routine castration surgery.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Unmitigated pain may suppress immune function and increase susceptibility to disease, not only compromising welfare but also increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality [ 8 , 9 ]. The growing global concern about pain related to routine husbandry procedures such as castration, dehorning and tail docking challenges researchers to develop effective methods to relieve pain and stress in livestock [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because the anatomical and physiological characteristics of cows are similar to those of buffaloes, buffaloes are often considered and managed as cattle. However, species-specific features need to be considered in anaesthesia and analgesia, and specific dosing protocols are mandatory, especially in animals intended for human consumption [ 10 , 11 ].…”
Castration is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in livestock. All methods of castration are associated with a significant degree of pain, affecting the patients’ welfare. Limited information on species-specific protocols in buffaloes is available. Considering the importance of this species and the scarcity of reports available, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different intramuscular doses of xylazine for premedication in water buffalo calves undergoing isoflurane maintenance anaesthesia for routine castration surgery. Twenty clinically healthy male water buffaloes undergoing bilateral orchiectomy were randomly assigned to two groups of 10 animals each: Group 1 was premedicated with xylazine 0.1 mg/kg bw i.m. and Group 2 was premedicated with xylazine 0.15 mg/kg bw i.m. Anaesthesia was induced by ketamine (2 mg/kg bw i.v.) and maintained with isoflurane-oxygen-air in both groups. The HR, RR, presence/absence of ataxia, sedation, depth of anaesthesia, muscle relaxation status, response to acoustic and tactile stimuli, eyelid reflex, extent of salivation and stimulus were evaluated every 5 min. Both protocols provided consistent sedation and were safe. Faster and more satisfactory sedation was recorded when xylazine was administered at 0.15 mg/kg bw i.m., leading us to recommend this dose for buffalo orchiectomy.
“…At the end of the operation, the donkeys were administered butorphanol (50 µg/kg, Torbugesic, Fort Dodge, IA, USA) IV, and donkeys were placed into a padded recovery room. For 3 successive days postoperatively, butorphanol was injected intravenously (50 µg/kg, Nargesic®; ACME Srl, Reggio Emilia, Italy; (Straticò et al 2021 ). The first dose was administered 4 h following wound induction.…”
This research was performed to determine the impact of repeated topical dressing with acellular bovine pericardium (ABP) on healing distal limb wounds in donkeys. Twelve male clinically healthy donkeys were subjected to general anesthesia, and full-thickness wounds of six cm2 (2 × 3 cm) were created on the middle dorsolateral surface of the metacarpi. Two defects were made on each donkey’s forelimbs; the right limb was considered a control wound, and the left one was considered a treated wound. Moreover, the control wounds were irrigated with saline every three days postoperatively and bandaged with a standard dressing. The treated wounds were covered with ABP dressings. The ABP dressing was reapplied thrice at 7-, 14- and 21-days post-wound induction. In addition, the wound healing process was monitored clinically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically of tissue as growth factor-β1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Besides, the gene expression profile of angiogenic and myofibroblastic genes was applied as vascular endothelial growth factor-A, collagen type 3α1, fibroblast growth factor 7, and the transforming growth factor-β1.The results revealed that the wounds treated with ABP healed more quickly than the control wounds. Additionally, the mean days required for healing were significantly shorter in the ABP-treated wounds (p < 0.05; 69.5 ± 1.6) compared to control wounds (86.3 ± 3). Furthermore, immunohistochemical and gene expression analyses were significantly improved in ABP wounds than in control wounds. In conclusion, ABP is considered a natural biomaterial and promotes the healing of distal limb wounds in donkeys if applied weekly during the first three-week post-wound induction.
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