Anal tuberculosis: A non–Healing anal lesion

Abstract

Anal tuberculosis is an extremely rare extrapulmonary presentation of tuberculosis (TB). Less than 1% of the individuals who contract TB manifests as gastrointestinal TB, and anoperineal TB is much less frequently encountered, 1% of the TB cases of the digestive tract. A rare case of anal tuberculosis is reported in a 37-year-old male patient with a recent anal fistula surgery and relapsing anal lesions. AFB were detected by biopsy and culture. In total, the treatment course lasted 6 months and the patient showed signs of recovery in the early stages of the treatment (after 2 weeks), and complete remission was achieved. In conclusion, it is recommended that in case of encountering Non-healing and recurrent anal lesions, especially in regions endemic for TB, should be evaluated for tuberculosis.

Perianal ulceration as primary presentation in a patient with disseminated multi‐drug resistant tuberculosis

“…HIV infection). To our knowledge, ≤ 60 cases of anal TB are reported in the literature; active pulmonary TB was noted in half the cases described and none of the cases presented in Central Europe [1][2][3]. Frequency of perianal TB is higher in males and can occur as a hematogenic spread of pathogens from the lung [2].…”

“…Perianal ulceration as primary presentation in a patient with disseminated multi-drug resistant tuberculosis Dear Editors, Anogenital tuberculosis (TB) is an exceedingly rare presentation of cutaneous Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection with only 0.001 % of all TB cases presenting with symptoms in this area [1][2][3]. While the prevalence of TB is comparatively low with 6-10 cases per 100,000 in Central Europe, one third of the world's population is estimated to be latently infected with MTB [4,5].…”

Anal mycobacterial infections†

“…7 The number of cases is especially higher in developing countries, but there are reports in all nationalities and all age groups. [1][2][3][4][5]7 Adults represent approximately 90% of those infected, with 9% of individuals carrying the HIV virus, of which 72% live in the African continent. Two-thirds of all reported cases are found in eight countries: India, China, Indonesia, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and South Africa.…”

“…Mycobacterial infections are a serious health problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries. [1][2][3][4][5] The increased life expectancy of the world population, as well as the increased number of individuals with clinical immunosuppression, especially HIV infection, are responsible for the growing number of people with mycobacteriosis, mainly tuberculosis. 1,2 The extrapulmonary clinical presentation, however, is the least common form of the disease.…”

“…1,2 The extrapulmonary clinical presentation, however, is the least common form of the disease. [2][3][4] When it reaches the anal region, this infectious process has several clinical forms, the most common being anal fistula as well as perineal ulcerations. 6 Thus, mycobacteriosis of the anus is a differential diagnosis, with other granulomatous diseases in this region, being important especially regarding Crohn's disease.…”