Anal and Oral Water Intake by Crustacea

Water uptake and loss via the urosome in terrestrial talitrid amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

“…Anal drinking has been recorded in a range of crustaceans by Fox (1952), who suggested that the imbibed water acts as an enema, dilating the muscles of the hind gut and stimulating their contraction in order to expel faecal material. The only terrestrial crustacean in which Fox records anal drinking is Ligia mediterranea, but he makes no comment on the source of water which it used.…”

“…Moore and A. M. M. Richardson The sources of water used by talitrids to compensate for evaporative loss have not been studied, though Moore and Francis (1985) note that Orchestia 9ammarellus is capable of taking up water from moist surfaces and saturated atmospheres. However, the ability of woodlice (Fox, 1952;Spencer and Edney, 1954;Hoese, 1981Hoese, , 1982 and other terrestrial arthopods (Parry, 1954;Crawford, 1972;Houlihan, 1976;Wolcott, 1984) to gain body water by routes other than the mouth is well known. This paper describes a preliminary investigation of a behaviour in talitrid amphipods which supplies them with extra-somatic water in a way analogous to the 'water channelling' system of isopods (Hoese, 1981(Hoese, , 1982.…”

Water transport mechanism through open capillaries analyzed by direct surface modifications on biological surfaces

“…Land animals have evolved diverse water transport mechanisms depending on the habitat and body structure of animals that are actively driven by mechanical energies or passively driven by surface energies, including the extraction of moisture from food1, absorption through the skin2 or by oral/anal intake in most cases345. Most animals use suction or drinking, which requires mechanical energy to draw water into their mouths.…”

Sodium and glucose transport across the in vitro perfused midgut of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun

“…Most of these assertions have been based on histological observations, drinking rate determinations, and analyses of osmotic and ionic concentrations of the gut fluid of various species. It has long been known that many crustaceans drink their ambient medium (Fox, 1952;Dall & Smith, 1977). Croghan (1958) found that the homeosmotic brine shrimp, Artemia salina, ingests the medium, and that its gut fluid maintains a higher osmotic pressure but a lower NaCl concentration than the hemolymph.…”