Anaesthetic Efficacy and Physiological Response of Clove Oil and Lidocaine-HCl on River Puffer, Takifugu obscurus and Tiger Puffer, T. rubripes

Abstract

The effects of the anaesthetic agents, clove oil and mixture of clove oil with lidocaine-HCl were evaluated on river puffer, Takifugu obscurus and tiger puffer, T. rubripes . Anaesthesia times of clove oil were affected by water temperature (20℃, 24℃, and 28℃) and salinity (10, 20, and 30 ppt). Anaesthesia times of mixed samples were significantly similar with regard to exposure and recovery times, and all samples satisfied anaesthesia criteria (exposure time within 3 min and recovery time within 5 min) under the various temperatures and salinities, and the lowest to highest concentration of anaesthetics ( p <0.05). Both species river puffer and tiger puffer had short exposure time with a high anaesthesia dose, high temperature (28℃) and intermediate salinity (20 ppt), and were highly affected by temperature and salinity ( p <0.05). The mixed anaesthetics had rapid exposure times and long recovery times in contrast to the effects of clove oil. Cortisol concentrations under the conditions of various clove oil dosages, salinity, and temperature for both species increased until 12 hrs after recovery from anaesthesia ( p <0.05). After 12 hrs, cortisol concentrations decreased until after 48 hrs ( p <0.05). During the simulated transportation of both species, control and sedated clove oil groups (5 ppm) were measured for water parameters, dissolved oxygen (DO), CO 2 , respiratory frequency, NH 4 + , and pH for 6 hrs in 1 hr intervals. Water parameters of sedated groups and controls were significantly different after 2 hrs ( p <0.05).

An Eggshell-Based Toothpaste as a Cost-Effective Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity

“…14 In dentistry, ESP found an interest as a pulp capping material 15 and in treating enamel erosion. 16 This study is therefore aimed to develop toothpastes based on: (1) ESP as a rich source of ions for remineralization, (2) potato powder as a source of fluoride, 17 (3) baking soda as a source of sodium, (4) titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) due to its antibacterial action, 18 and (5) clove oil due to its sedative 19 and inhibitory action on demineralization. 20 The efficacy of these experimental toothpastes on dentin remineralization was compared with "Biorepair Fast Sensitive Repair."…”

“…This study is therefore aimed to develop toothpastes based on: (1) ESP as a rich source of ions for remineralization, (2) potato powder as a source of fluoride, 17 (3) baking soda as a source of sodium, (4) titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) due to its antibacterial action, 18 and (5) clove oil due to its sedative 19 and inhibitory action on demineralization. 20 The efficacy of these experimental toothpastes on dentin remineralization was compared with “Biorepair Fast Sensitive Repair.” The null hypothesis was “there is no significance in the difference between experimental toothpastes and Biorepair Fast Sensitive Repair on dentinal tubules’ occlusion.”…”

Changing Salinity Affects Hematological and Histological Response in Hybrids and Hybrid Triploids between River Puffer, Takifugu obscurus and Tiger Puffer, T. rubripes

“…On April 8 2016, anaesthetized 30 female river puffer and 30 male tiger puffer with clove oil and lidocaine-HCl (Park, 2019) were injected human chorionic gonadotropin, HCG (Sigma, USA) 1,000 IU/kg BW, respectively. 24 hrs after HCG injection, extracted eggs of river puffer and sperms of tiger puffer were fertilized using the method of Park et al (2017) and Yoo et al (2018).…”

“…River puffer taxonomically defined Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae, inhabit the coast in Korea and China, going up to the upstream in the middle of river in spawning season (Kikuchi et al, 2007; Park et al, 2017; Park, 2019). Therefore, determination of physiological response of river puffer, tiger puffer, hybrids between river puffer (♀) and tiger puffer (♂), and hybrid triploids under environment of changing salinity is necessary for determining characteristics of hybrids and hybrid triploids.…”

Growth, Cannibalism, and 5-TH Metabolism in Pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus ♀ × Takifugu rubripes): The Role of Graded Levels of Dietary Tryptophan

“…In particular, obscure pufferfish ( Takifugu obscurus ) and tiger puffer ( Takifugu rubripes ) had become the most important cultured species, because they were the only two pufferfish that the Chinese government conditionally allows to be processed and operated [ 17 , 18 ]. However, obscure pufferfish and tiger puffer had sharp teeth and often cannibalize each other, which were considered as a typical cannibalistic species [ 19 ]. For instance, Hu et al [ 20 ] reported that the mortality and injury rates (the fin damage) of pufferfish were 6.7% and over 20%, respectively, even if feeding ration was set at 3% of fish body mass, whereas they would reach 25% and over 50%, respectively, when feeding ration was only 1%.…”