Anaesthetic considerations in patients with Fraser syndrome

The child with facial abnormalities

“…There may also be associated cardiac anomalies. Maintaining an airway in these patients is not generally difficult and laryngoscopy is usually straightforward [29]. However, a tracheal tube significantly smaller than calculated may need to be used and an introducer or gum elastic bougie may be useful.…”

Delivery of anesthesia and complications for children with Fraser syndrome: a review of 125 anesthetics

“…There is a case report of retrograde intubation being used in anticipation of a difficult airway . However, expert opinions have also documented no incidence of difficult intubation in their institution but of the requirement of smaller than expected endotracheal tube size . To our knowledge, there are no case series published in the literature of the perioperative outcomes of children with Fraser syndrome to date.…”