Anaesthetic and genotoxic effect of medicinal plant extracts in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

Anaesthetics and analgesics used in adult fish for research: A review

“…71 However, it induced genotoxicity in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), which can be avoided by using low doses of the drug. 72 In silver catfish, the EO from L. alba induced anaesthesia in 1.25-8.75 min and recovery in 4.5-5.82 min in the concentration range of 100-800 ml/l, 65 without mortality. Another study showed that, in the same species, the EO from L. alba induced anaesthesia in approximately 6.4-25 min and recovery in 6.7-20 min in the concentration range of 100-300 ml/l.…”

“…Anti-stress, anti-genotoxic and geno-protective results were reported for the EO from C. zeylanicum in gilthead seabream. 72 The EOs of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and lemongrass (Cymbopogum flexuosus) were tested as anaesthetics for Nile tilapia; both are recommended for sedation at a concentration of 10-25 ml/l, and for anaesthesia at a concentration of 400 ml/l for basil EO and 600 ml/l for lemongrass EO. 75 In juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), the EO of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) at a concentration of 200 ml/l was sufficient to induce sedation, while the concentration range of 400-600 ml/l was adequate to induce deep anaesthesia.…”

“…71 However, it induced genotoxicity in gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ), which can be avoided by using low doses of the drug. 72…”

“…Anti-stress, anti-genotoxic and geno-protective results were reported for the EO from C. zeylanicum in gilthead seabream. 72…”

Nanoencapsulated Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil exerts anesthetic effects in the brachyuran crab using Neohelice granulate

“…In addition, much higher concentrations are required to anesthetize crustaceans than fish (Cunha et al 2010a, b, Parodi et al 2012. TTO at 200 µL L -1 is enough to anesthetize common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (Hajek 2011) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) (Golomazou et al 2016), while 8000 µL L -1 of TTO was required to anesthetize 100% of N. granulata, which makes the use of TTO practically inviable due the volume used and elevated cost of procedure. In contrary, injections of nondiluted nanoencapsulated TTO and terpinen-4-ol provided rapid and reliable anesthesia induction in N. granulata at 40 and 60 µL, and 30 and 40 µL, respectively.…”