Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non‐elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming

Abstract

The aim of the present investigation was to study the possible effects of specificity of training on muscle strength and anaerobic power in children from different sports and at different performance levels in relation to growth and maturation status. Hundred and eighty-four children of both gender participating either in swimming, tennis, team handball or gymnastics were recruited from the best clubs in Denmark. Within each sport, the coach had divided the children into an elite (E) and non-elite (NE) group according to performance level and talent. Tanner stage assessment and body weight and height measurements were performed by a physician. The anaerobic performances were assessed by Wingate tests and jumping performance in squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) from two heights. Most of the differences between groups in Wingate performance disappeared when the data were normalised to body mass. The gymnasts were the best jumpers and their superiority were increased in the more complex motor coordination tasks like DJ. The results may indicate some influence of training specificity, especially on the more complex motor tasks as DJ and there may be an effect of training before puberty. The performance in the less complex motor tasks like cycling and SJ and CMJ may also be influenced by specific training, but not to the same extent, and heritance may be an important factor for performance in these anaerobic tasks.

Morfología del Jugador de Élite de Pádel: Comparación con Otros Deportes de Raqueta

“…Sin embargo, Bencke et al (2002) en jugadores de tenis, afirman que existe un menor peso corporal en jugadoras de élite que en jugadoras de menor nivel, aunque en el presente estudio no se observan diferencias entre categorías (P>0,05). Sin embargo, no analizan la masa grasa y los componentes del somatotipo de las jugadoras de tenis, las cuales, resultan muy relevantes para comparar jugadores en deportes similares como son el tenis y el pádel.…”

Determinações e relações dos parâmetros anaeróbios do RAST, do limiar anaeróbio e da resposta lactacidemica obtida no início, no intervalo e ao final de uma partida oficial de handebol

“…Embora alguns autores (11)(12)(13) tenham utilizado o RAST para mensuração das potências máxima, média, mínima e índice de fadiga, não foi encontrado na literatura nenhum trabalho que usou esse protocolo para a avaliação de atletas de handebol. Considerando o estudo de Zacharogiannis et al (11) , é possível compararmos nossos resultados com os achados de Rannou et al (14) e Bencke et al (15) .…”

“…Bencke et al (15) (15) estudaram handebolistas com 12,5 anos. Nossos atletas apresentaram correlações significativas entre os valores absolutos e relativos à massa corporal de potência máxima (r = 0,74), média (r = 0,78) e mínima (r = 0,88).…”

Relationship between anthropometric parameters and speed performance: A kinanthropometric research

“…Several studies have assessed the anthropometric, physiological, psychological, and motor skill attributes of individual sports (3,9,15,18,25,31).…”