Anaerobic digestion of biowaste in Indian municipalities: Effects on energy, fertilizers, water and the local environment

Groß, Thomas; Breitenmoser, Lena; Kumar, Sunil; Ehrensperger, Albrecht; Wintgens, Thomas; Hugi, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105569

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It can promote the production of pure and reformulated fertilizers for enhanced crop yields. In thermal conversion processes, it can be found to be under development or have full-scale demonstration capability [116,117]. In the AD process, the valorization of solid organic matter can result in the production of biofuels/biochar.…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestion For Biogasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And it can help valorize the nutrients in the AD process in the liquid phase, and then these can help produce the renewable biomass from the sunlight process. In UC-AD digestates, several value-added products can be generated in a laboratory at pilot-scale or pilot conditions, and biopesticides, composite materials, and biosurfactants can be easily produced [117,122]. In another report, the AD process has been utilized as a technological alternative to bioprocessing [123,124].…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestion For Biogasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Municipal-Based Biowaste Conversion for Developing and Promoting Renewable Energy in Smart Cities

Sarangi,

Srivastava,

Singh

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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In the current scenario in many cities, huge quantities of biowaste solid matter are generated, making it a big challenge to keep our cities smart/clean without creating health issues. The second challenge is to mitigate solid biowastes from municipalities, and it needs systematic valorization/conversion approaches to transform/generate them into clean/least carbon-emitting fuel sources. This effort can help make smart cities with additional amounts of energy generation that can be used by each citizen for their daily energy needs. In the cities, biowastes are reported as food waste (from domestic kitchens and restaurant/hotel), green plant residues (from parks and other cleaning activities), and other miscellaneous sources. Due to the huge generation of these biowastes, the respective cities can look dirtier and also show a poor level of development. So, people from municipal authorities and some research groups have to start converting this biowaste solid matter into renewable and sustainable energy that can help reduce this biowaste accumulation through the promotion of sustainable bioenergy sources. In valorization approaches, biological (anaerobic digestion) and thermochemical (like pyrolysis) processes are common, and these can be applied to biowaste mitigation to minimize the negative impact on the environment and its components. In India, some states, like Madhya Pradesh, have put efforts into creating biogases like green hydrogen from their cities generated biowastes. In this review, we emphasize the different sources of biowaste in cities with their volumes/quantities, factors/activities for generations, and mitigation approaches for biowaste conversion into fuels with the promotion of sustainable goal achievement. Now that waste matters, effort is put into a take-home concept/message regarding the conversion/recovery, and extraction of waste into energy/other valuable products for home needs. It helps keep cities clean, smart, and rich in revenue sources.

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Section: Anaerobic Digestion For Biogasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anaerobic Digestion For Biogasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal-Based Biowaste Conversion for Developing and Promoting Renewable Energy in Smart Cities

Sarangi,

Srivastava,

Singh

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…The main aim of these technologies, in general, is to maximize nutrient recovery and the fertilizer potential of derived by-products. In addition, there are also reports of indirect application-based robust methods for safe recycling in domestic sewage treatment, municipal, and agro-industrial bio-waste for further use in agriculture (Gross et al, 2021;Lin et al, 2021;Ravindran et al, 2021). These technologies, in summary, promote the waste recycling process, create an alternate nutrient cycle, and maintain soil health in agricultural lands, and as a result, can significantly reduce the adverse loads of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in the agroecosystems.…”

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confidence: 99%

Revisiting the oldest manure of India, Kunapajala: Assessment of its animal waste recycling potential as a source of plant biostimulant

Mukherjee

Basak²,

Chakraborty³

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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India's oldest documented manure, most commonly referred to as Kunapajala, has a long history of over 1,000 years in crop cultivation. Kunapajala is primarily an in-situ decomposition technology of animal waste and can potentially provide an eco-friendly pipeline for recycling bio-waste into essential plant nutrients. This traditional animal manure, in addition, also contains dairy excreta (e.g., feces and urine), dairy products (e.g., milk and ghee), natural resources (e.g., honey), broken seeds or grains, and their non-edible by-product waste. Here, we aimed to assess the waste recycling and plant biostimulant potential of Kunapajala prepared from livestock (e.g., Black Bengal goats) or fish (e.g., Bombay duck) post-processed wastes over different decomposition periods, e.g., (0, 30, 60, and 90-days). In this study, an in-situ quantification of livestock- (lKPJ) and fish-based Kunapajala (fKPJ) reveals a dynamic landscape of essential plant primary nutrients, e.g., (0.70 > NH4-N < 3.40 g•L−1), (100.00 > P2O5 < 620.00 mg•L−1), and (175.00 > K2O < 340.00 mg•L−1), including other physico-chemical attributes of Kunapajala. Using correlation statistics, we find that the plant-available nutrient content of Kunapajala depicts a significant (p < 0.0001) transformation over decomposition along with microbial dynamics, abundance, and diversities, delineating a microbial interface to animal waste decomposition and plant growth promotion. Importantly, this study also reports the indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) content (40.00 > IAA < 135.00 mg•L−1) in Kunapajala. Furthermore, the bacterial screening based on plant growth-promoting traits and their functional analyses elucidate the mechanism of the plant biostimulant potential of Kunapajala. This assay finally reports two best-performing plant growth-promoting bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas chlororaphis and Bacillus subtilis) by the 16S ribotyping method. In support, in-planta experiments have demonstrated, in detail, the bio-stimulative effects of Kunapajala, including these two bacterial isolates alone or in combination, on seed germination, root-shoot length, and other important agronomic, physio-biochemical traits in rice. Together, our findings establish that Kunapajala can be recommended as a source of plant biostimulant to improve crop quality traits in rice. Overall, this work highlights Kunapajala, for the first time, as a promising low-cost microbial technology that can serve a dual function of animal waste recycling and plant nutrient recovery to promote sustainable intensification in agroecosystems.

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A comprehensive assessment of state-wise biogas potential and its utilization in India

Singh

Kalamdhad

2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Anaerobic digestion of biowaste in Indian municipalities: Effects on energy, fertilizers, water and the local environment

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Municipal-Based Biowaste Conversion for Developing and Promoting Renewable Energy in Smart Cities

Municipal-Based Biowaste Conversion for Developing and Promoting Renewable Energy in Smart Cities

Revisiting the oldest manure of India, Kunapajala: Assessment of its animal waste recycling potential as a source of plant biostimulant

A comprehensive assessment of state-wise biogas potential and its utilization in India

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