Anaerobic digestion and agronomic applications of microalgae for its sustainable valorization

Elalami, Doha; Oukarroum, Abdallah; Barakat, Abdellatif

doi:10.1039/d1ra04845g

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(245 reference statements)

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“…Several cultivation methods have been established to produce C. vulgaris, leading to the development of different strains. The most common growth condition is autotrophic growth [ 4 ], which produces organic C. vulgaris , here called autotrophic C. vulgaris (abbreviated as C-Auto). A cost-effective alternative method to cultivate C. vulgaris is heterotrophic growth, resulting in heterotrophic C. vulgaris (C-Hetero) [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Chlorella vulgaris Strains

Maurício

Couto

Lopes

et al. 2023

Foods

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The microalga Chlorella vulgaris is a popular food ingredient widely used in the industry, with an increasing market size and value. Currently, several edible strains of C. vulgaris with different organoleptic characteristics are commercialized to meet consumer needs. This study aimed to compare the fatty acid (FA) and lipid profile of four commercialized strains of C. vulgaris (C-Auto, C-Hetero, C-Honey, and C-White) using gas- and liquid-chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry approaches, and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Results showed that C-Auto had a higher lipid content compared to the other strains and higher levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs). However, the C-Hetero, C-Honey, and C-White strains had higher levels of omega-6 PUFAs. The lipidome signature was also different between strains, as C-Auto had a higher content of polar lipids esterified to omega-3 PUFAs, while C-White had a higher content of phospholipids with omega-6 PUFAs. C-Hetero and C-Honey showed a higher content of triacylglycerols. All extracts showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, highlighting C-Auto with greater potential. Overall, the four strains of C. vulgaris can be selectively chosen as a source of added-value lipids to be used as ingredients in food and nutraceutical applications for different market needs and nutritional requirements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Chlorella vulgaris Strains

Maurício

Couto

Lopes

et al. 2023

Foods

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“…BC of microalgal biomass studied for useful and cost-effective biofuels [ 113 ]. Microalgae have been also investigated to produce bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via anaerobic digestion [ 114 ]. For example, mixed microalgae have been shown to be a substrate for a 17 mL g −1 COD biomethane production through an anaerobic digestion process [ 115 ].…”

Section: Biochemical Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy, Environment, and Biomedicine

Новоселов

et al. 2023

Nano-Micro Lett.

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We conceptualize bioresource upgrade for sustainable energy, environment, and biomedicine with a focus on circular economy, sustainability, and carbon neutrality using high availability and low utilization biomass (HALUB). We acme energy-efficient technologies for sustainable energy and material recovery and applications. The technologies of thermochemical conversion (TC), biochemical conversion (BC), electrochemical conversion (EC), and photochemical conversion (PTC) are summarized for HALUB. Microalgal biomass could contribute to a biofuel HHV of 35.72 MJ Kg−1 and total benefit of 749 $/ton biomass via TC. Specific surface area of biochar reached 3000 m2 g−1 via pyrolytic carbonization of waste bean dregs. Lignocellulosic biomass can be effectively converted into bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via BC with a high conversion efficiency of more than 90%. Besides, lignocellulosic biomass can contribute to a current density of 672 mA m−2 via EC. Bioresource can be 100% selectively synthesized via electrocatalysis through EC and PTC. Machine learning, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis are essential to various upgrading approaches of HALUB. Sustainable biomaterials, sustainable living materials and technologies for biomedical and multifunctional applications like nano-catalysis, microfluidic and micro/nanomotors beyond are also highlighted. New techniques and systems for the complete conversion and utilization of HALUB for new energy and materials are further discussed.

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“…Botryococcus braunii 25-75 1.5 4-55 [16] Chlorella emersonii 23-63 36 41 [19] Chlorella protothecoides 40-60 10-28 11-15 [19] Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 15-18 9.2 59.7 [16] Chlorella sorokiniana 26.2 45.5 23.7 [34] Chlorella vulgaris 41-58 51-58 12-17 [19] Dunaliella salina 6-25 57 32 [16] Euglena gracilis 4-20 39-61 14-18 [16] Isochrysis galbana 11 27 34 [35] Nannochloropsis gaditana 23.3 48.3 9.3 [20] Nannochloropsis granulata 24-28 27-36 18-34 [35] Neochloris oleoabundans 35-65 10-27 17-27 [19] Porphyridium cruentum 9-14 28-39 40-57 [20] Scenedesmus dimorphus 16-40 8-18 21-52 [19] Scenedesmus obliquus 30-50 10-45 20-40 [19] Tetraselmis chuii 12 31-46 12 [35] All biomolecules in microalgae cells play crucial roles in growth, reproduction, metabolism, and other cellular functions [36]. Lipids, essential components of cell membranes, energy storage, and cell signaling molecules, can be categorized into two groups in microalgae: polar lipids and non-polar lipids [37].…”

Section: Microalgae Species Lipid Protein Carbohydrate Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microalgae are highly efficient photosynthetic organisms that rapidly grow throughout the year in various habitats, including aquatic (fresh or marine) and terrestrial ecosystems [16]. Microalgae exhibit relatively higher growth rates than terrestrial plants, completing an entire growth cycle in just a few days [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Microalgae to Bioenergy: Recent Advances in Biochemical Conversion Processes

et al. 2023

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Concerns about rising energy demand, fossil fuel depletion, and global warming have increased interest in developing and utilizing alternate renewable energy sources. Among the available renewable resources, microalgae biomass, a third-generation feedstock, is promising for energy production due to its rich biochemical composition, metabolic elasticity, and ability to produce numerous bioenergy products, including biomethane, biohydrogen, and bioethanol. However, the true potential of microalgae biomass in the future bioenergy economy is yet to be realized. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various biochemical conversion processes (anaerobic digestion, direct biophotolysis, indirect biophotolysis, photo fermentation, dark fermentation, microalgae-catalyzed photo fermentation, microalgae-catalyzed dark fermentation, and traditional alcoholic fermentation by ethanologenic microorganisms) that could be adapted to transform microalgae biomass into different bioenergy products. Recent advances in biochemical conversion processes are compiled and critically analyzed, and their limitations in terms of process viability, efficacy, scalability, and economic and environmental sustainability are highlighted. Based on the current research stage and technological development, biomethane production from anaerobic digestion and bioethanol production from traditional fermentation are identified as promising methods for the future commercialization of microalgae-based bioenergy. However, significant challenges to these technologies’ commercialization remain, including the high microalgae production costs and low energy recovery efficiency. Future research should focus on reducing microalgae production costs, developing an integrated biorefinery approach, and effectively utilizing artificial intelligence tools for process optimization and scale-up to solve the current challenges and accelerate the development of microalgae-based bioenergy.

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Anaerobic digestion and agronomic applications of microalgae for its sustainable valorization

Abstract: Microalgae are considered potential candidates in biorefinery processes, and due to their biochemical properties, they can be used in the production of biofuels such as biogas, as well as for bioremediation of liquid effluents.

Cited by 19 publications

References 158 publications

Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Chlorella vulgaris Strains

Differences and Similarities in Lipid Composition, Nutritional Value, and Bioactive Potential of Four Edible Chlorella vulgaris Strains

Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy, Environment, and Biomedicine

From Microalgae to Bioenergy: Recent Advances in Biochemical Conversion Processes

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