Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Meckenstock, Rainer U.; Safinowski, Michael; Griebler, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.femsec.2004.02.019

Cited by 186 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…15 Although there is no reference on reduction reaction of pyrene by ZVI, similar reaction may observed from anaerobic degradation of pyrene by biomass. 16 In the authors' laboratory, the nanoscale iron was synthesized for the pyrene removal feasibly and rapidly. 17 This study aim was to evaluate the feasible soil remediation for pyrene removal by nanoscale ZVI particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Using Ground Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

Chang

Shu

Hsieh³

et al. 2007

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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The sites contaminated with recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are serious environmental problems ubiquitously. Some PAHs have proven to be carcinogenic and hazardous. Therefore, the innovative PAH in situ remediation technologies have to be developed instantaneously. Recently, the nanoscale zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles have been successfully applied for dechlorination of organic pollutants in water, yet little research has investigated for the soil remediation so far. The objective in this work was to take advantage of nanoscale ZVI particles to remove PAHs in soil. The experimental factors such as reaction time, particle diameter and iron dosage and surface area were considered and optimized. From the results, both microscale and nanoscale ZVI were capable to remove the target compound. The higher removal efficiencies of nanoscale ZVI particles were obtained because the specific surface areas were about several dozens larger than that of commercially microscale ZVI particles. The optimal parameters were observed as 0.2 g iron/2 mL water in 60 min and 150 rpm by nanoscale ZVI. Additionally, the results proved that nanoscale ZVI particles are a promising technology for soil remediation and are encouraged in the near future environmental applications. Additionally, the empirical equation developed for pyrene removal efficiency provided the good explanation of reaction behavior. Ultimately, the calculated values by this equation were in a good agreement with the experimental data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Using Ground Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

Chang

Shu

Hsieh³

et al. 2007

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…It was thought that microbial degradation of PAHs is an oxidationreduction reaction, in which the hydrocarbons are oxidized coupling with electron flow to electron acceptors (Lovley et al 1994;Lovley et al 1996a). Numerous aerobic PAHdegrading bacteria have been isolated and the degradation pathways have been successfully elucidated (Cerniglia 1984;Meckenstock et al 2004;Haritash and Kaushik 2009). However, the PAHs-contaminated sites are usually anaerobic, and anaerobic degradation may make a more important contribution to PAHs natural attenuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene by a newly isolated humus-reducing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAH-1

Wang

et al. 2011

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has great significance to PAHs' natural attenuation in contaminated sites. Previous studies mainly focused on anaerobic PAH degradation by mixed cultures with nitrate, sulfate, or Fe(III) oxides as electron acceptors, and the roles of pure cultures in the process was rarely reported. The aim of this paper is to isolate a pure culture that is capable of degrading phenanthrene anaerobically with anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate (AQDS) as the sole electron acceptor and evaluate its environmental functions. Materials and methods A strain of pure culture was isolated from anodic solution of a microbial fuel cell via enrichment procedure with phenanthrene and AQDS under anaerobic conditions. Using the single colony isolation technique, a distinct colony was obtained and identified by the phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. Its ability to reduce AQDS and degrade phenanthrene was conducted in serum bottles by standard anaerobic techniques (purged with 80% N 2 −20% CO 2 ). The concentration of AH 2 QDS and fructose was quantified by UV-vis spectrophotometer at 450 and 210 nm, respectively. Cells number was determined by direct plate counting on aerobic LB agar medium. The concentration of phenanthrene was determined using HPLC. Results and discussion Strain PAH-1 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It could oxidize fructose or glucose to reduce AQDS and can support microbial growth by conserving energy from fructose to AQDS. It has the ability to degrade phenanthrene directly with AQDS as the sole electron acceptor (46.5% removal), and the microbial process may be AQDS dependent. The addition of small organic substances (fructose) could enhance the anaerobic biodegradation of phenanthrene from 46.5% to 56.7%. The anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene fits the pseudo-firstorder kinetics, giving the rate constants of 0.0233/day (R 2 =0.934) and 0.0328/day (R 2 =0.933) for non-fructose set and fructose set, respectively. Conclusions We successfully isolated a facultative anaerobe, P. aeruginosa strain PAH-1. This study was the first paper reporting that a pure culture (strain PAH-1) has the ability to anaerobically degrade phenanthrene with AQDS as the sole electron acceptor. The finding also explores the environmental significance of the Pseudomonas genus.

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“…A considerable diversity of microorganisms is available in pure culture that can degrade most aromatic hydrocarbons under anaerobic conditions (Heider et al, 1998;Chakraborty and Coates, 2004;Meckenstock et al, 2004). Benzene has caused the most concern since it is known to be a potential human carcinogen (Dean, 1985) and the factors that control its degradation especially in anaerobic environments are still poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of stable isotope probing to identify key iron-reducing microorganisms involved in anaerobic benzene degradation

2007

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Here, we present a detailed functional and phylogenetic characterization of an iron-reducing enrichment culture maintained in our lab with benzene as sole carbon and energy source. We used DNA-stable isotope probing to identify microbes within the enrichment most active in the assimilation of 13 C-label. When 12 C 6 -and 13 C 6 -benzene were added as comparative substrates, marked differences in the quantitative buoyant density distribution became apparent especially for uncultured microbes within the Gram-positive Peptococcaceae, closely related to environmental clones retrieved from contaminated aquifers world wide and only distantly related to cultured representatives of the genus Thermincola. Prominent among the other constituents of the enrichment were uncultured Deltaproteobacteria, as well as members of the Actinobacteria. Although their presence within the enrichment seems to be stable they did not assimilate 13 C-label as significantly as the Clostridia within the time course of our experiment. We hypothesize that benzene degradation in our enrichment involves an unusual syntrophy, where members of the Clostridia primarily oxidize benzene. Electrons from the contaminant are both directly transferred to ferric iron by the primary oxidizers, but also partially shared with the Desulfobulbaceae as syntrophic partners. Alternatively, electrons may also be quantitatively transferred to the partners, which then reduce the ferric iron. Thus our results provide evidence for the importance of a novel clade of Gram-positive iron-reducers in anaerobic benzene degradation, and a role of syntrophic interactions in this process. These findings shed a totally new light on the factors controlling benzene degradation in anaerobic contaminated environments.

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Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Cited by 186 publications

References 75 publications

Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Using Ground Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Using Ground Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

Anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene by a newly isolated humus-reducing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAH-1

The use of stable isotope probing to identify key iron-reducing microorganisms involved in anaerobic benzene degradation

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