Anaerobic co-digestion of source segregated brown water (feces-without-urine) and food waste: For Singapore context

Rajagopal, Rajinikanth; Lim, Jun Wei; Mao, Yu; Chen, Chia-Lung; Wang, Jing‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.016

Cited by 85 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These results suggest that feces has promising potential as a feedstock for biogas production. Although, in contrast to a previous study [12], a synergetic effect was not shown in the co-digestion runs, it was demonstrated that feces and food waste can be effectively co-digested without antagonistic effect. Two identical continuously-stirred tank reactors with a working volume of 15 L are being operated in Sa-Wol-Dang to evaluate the efficiency and stability of the co-digestion process in continuous mode.…”

Section: Biogas Productioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Science Walden: Exploring the Convergence of Environmental Technologies with Design and Art

Lee

Cho

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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Abstract:Science Walden, which is inspired by two prominent literary works, namely, Walden by Henry David Thoreau (1817Thoreau ( -1862 and Walden Two by Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990, is aimed at establishing a community that embodies humanistic values while embracing scientific advancement to produce renewable energy and water sources. This study attempts to capitalize on feces standard money (FSM) and artistic collaboration between scientists and artists as a means of achieving the forms of life depicted in Walden and Walden Two. On our campus, we designed and built a pavilion that serves as a laboratory where scientific advantages, design, and art are merged. In the pavilion, feces are processed in reactors and facilities for sustainable energy production, and rainwater is harvested and treated for use in daily life. Our application of design and art contributes to easing interaction between the general public and scientists because it visualizes an ambiguous theory and concretizes it into an understandable image.

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Section: Biogas Productioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Science Walden: Exploring the Convergence of Environmental Technologies with Design and Art

Lee

Cho

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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“…Total solid (TS) content of the AD feedstock is suggested to be maintained at 6-8 % to ensure the success of AD [52]. In real cases, FW collected in food courts has comparatively high solid content (TS about 30 %) after the manual removal of bones, egg shells and other nonbiodegradable components [53]. In other words, additional water is needed to decrease the solid content of FW.…”

Section: Small-scale Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Co-digesters need to be built in between FW collection points and animal farms to reduce the transportation cost and carbon footprint Brown water Approximately 22,410 tons/day from every toilet Source separation of brown water from yellow water (urine and flushing water) and gray water (used water from bathroom, pantry and laundry) is required [53]. Brown water is a better diluting solution than AD effluent.…”

Section: Small-scale Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal food waste management in Singapore: practices, challenges and recommendations

Mao

Chen

et al. 2015

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Municipal food waste is a global challenge in solid waste management, especially in Singapore. It is scattered in location, non-ignorable in quantity, and nonuniform in quality. This report focuses on the state of the art and challenges of Singapore municipal food waste management for the first time. The previous studies only focus on general food waste from both industry and municipality. The physical properties of municipal food waste are incompatible to landfill and incineration by creating secondary environmental burdens and lowering treatment efficiency. A decentralized anaerobic co-digestion with other substrates, after comparing with other technologies, is recommended, since bio-energy is a recognized valuable final product in Singapore's context. However, there are four major highlighted challenges of food waste recycling, including low final product demand, inefficient waste collection design, cheap disposal cost, and low social awareness. A ''food waste management hierarchy'' for Singapore is also proposed. The most to least preferred options are listed as: source reduction, industrial uses, renewable energy, and composting then incineration.

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“…Hence, we decided to develop standard solutions to save water consumed for flushing and we found that, by introducing two different types of water efficient toilets (namely composting toilet [18] and No-Mix vacuum toilet (NMV) [19,20]), it is possible to reduce about 40% of the yearly global water consumption in EAC. For instance normal toilets require 6 l of water per flush, while with composting and NMV solutions the amount of consumed water is estimated to be less than 1 l per use [18,20].…”

Section: Water Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceship Earth. Space-driven technologies and systems for sustainability on ground

et al. 2015

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Anaerobic co-digestion of source segregated brown water (feces-without-urine) and food waste: For Singapore context

Cited by 85 publications

References 17 publications

Science Walden: Exploring the Convergence of Environmental Technologies with Design and Art

Science Walden: Exploring the Convergence of Environmental Technologies with Design and Art

Municipal food waste management in Singapore: practices, challenges and recommendations

Spaceship Earth. Space-driven technologies and systems for sustainability on ground

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