Anaemia among pregnant women: a review in Africa

Abstract

Iron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent form of anemia in pregnancy and can have serious consequences for both the mother and fetus. The majority of women do not have adequate iron stores to meet the dramatic increase in requirements during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. However, there is increasing evidence that intravenous iron is more effective, provides more rapid haemoglobin correction, corrects iron stores and is better tolerated than oral iron in treating iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The reported prevalence of anemia in this study is high and routine screening of pregnant women is highly recommended and further studies to explore during pregnancy is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Pregnant women are at risk of developing anemia due to increased nutrient needs which include iron, folate and Vitamin B12 and haemo-dilution during pregnancy. Keywords: Anemia, heamoglobin, red cells, pregnancy, Africa.

Awareness and attitude of HIV-positive lactating mothers towards breast feeding at Kabwohe health center IV, Sheema district.

“…Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection which causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has continued to be a major public health problem with estimated 34 million people worldwide infected with this virus, 52% of whom are women [1][2][3][4][5][6]. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact with an infected individual, through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), blood transfusion, and the use of unsterilized sharp objects [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Evaluation of the factors that contribute to high prevalence of malaria in HIV Patients in Bushenyi District, Uganda

“…It is a parasitic infection that attacks a person's red blood cells [4][5][6][7][8]. Malaria is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, especially in the developing world among young children and pregnant women [9][10][11][12]. It is estimated that 500 million clinical cases and about 3 million deaths occur every year due to malaria, with 90% of such deaths occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…Malaria is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, especially in the developing world among young children and pregnant women [9][10][11][12]. It is estimated that 500 million clinical cases and about 3 million deaths occur every year due to malaria, with 90% of such deaths occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Infections of HIV and malaria are among the two most important global health problems in developing countries [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Occurrence and Factors Associated with HIV-Sero-Discordance in Couples at Iganga General Hospital-Iganga District, Eastern Uganda

“…It may originate from a situation where one sexual partner comes into the sexual relationship already infected, or becomes infected later in life [5][6][7][8][9][10]. HIV serodiscordant is recognized as a priority for HIV prevention due to the risk of transmitting the virus to the HIVnegative partner [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Improvements in the effectiveness and availability of HIV treatment in recent years have enabled HIV-positive individuals to live longer and healthier [16][17][18][19][20].…”