Anabolic steroids for the treatment of weight loss in HIV-infected individuals

Johns, K; Beddall, MJ; Corrin, R

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002836.pub2

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…108,109 Administration of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone, especially when combined with strength training, increases fat-free mass and muscle size and strength 110 in patients with burns, 111 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 112 cancer, 113 and HIV infection. 114 A short-term study in an elderly population suggested beneficial effects of testosterone replacement therapy in modifying some specific cardiovascular risk factors such as insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. 115 Testosterone deficiency is highly common in male MHD patients 116,117 and is associated with increased mortality risk.…”

Section: Anabolic Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism

İkizler

Cano

Franch

et al. 2013

Kidney International

577

490

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Protein energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, especially in individuals receiving maintenance dialysis therapy. A multitude of factors can affect the nutritional and metabolic status of CKD patients requiring a combination of therapeutic maneuvers to prevent or reverse protein and energy depletion. These include optimizing dietary nutrient intake, appropriate treatment of metabolic disturbances such as metabolic acidosis, systemic inflammation, and hormonal deficiencies, and prescribing optimized dialytic regimens. In patients where oral dietary intake from regular meals cannot maintain adequate nutritional status, nutritional supplementation, administered orally, enterally, or parenterally, is shown to be effective in replenishing protein and energy stores. In clinical practice, the advantages of oral nutritional supplements include proven efficacy, safety, and compliance. Anabolic strategies such as anabolic steroids, growth hormone, and exercise, in combination with nutritional supplementation or alone, have been shown to improve protein stores and represent potential additional approaches for the treatment of PEW. Appetite stimulants, anti-inflammatory interventions, and newer anabolic agents are emerging as novel therapies. While numerous epidemiological data suggest that an improvement in biomarkers of nutritional status is associated with improved survival, there are no large randomized clinical trials that have tested the effectiveness of nutritional interventions on mortality and morbidity.

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Section: Anabolic Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism

İkizler

Cano

Franch

et al. 2013

Kidney International

577

490

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notwithstanding the above, a number of regulatory and conceptual issues are hindering progress in deciding which clinical conditions may benefit from intervention with anabolic steroids ( Bhasin et al ., 2006 ), not least what outcomes should constitute evidence of efficacy in clinical trials. For example, although, theoretically, an increase in lean body mass and weight in HIV‐infected individuals suffering from weight loss should lead to improved physical functioning and quality of life, and ultimately to increased survival, this has not been demonstrated ( Johns et al ., 2005 ). Carefully designed randomized trials may eventually give the definitive answers as to the clinical usefulness of therapy with anabolic steroids, and whether xenobiotic anabolic steroids offer any advantage over supraphysiological doses of testosterone to men.…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology of anabolic steroids

Kicman

2008

British J Pharmacology

483

428

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Athletes and bodybuilders have recognized for several decades that the use of anabolic steroids can promote muscle growth and strength but it is only relatively recently that these agents are being revisited for clinical purposes. Anabolic steroids are being considered for the treatment of cachexia associated with chronic disease states, and to address loss of muscle mass in the elderly, but nevertheless their efficacy still needs to be demonstrated in terms of improved physical function and quality of life. In sport, these agents are performance enhancers, this being particularly apparent in women, although there is a high risk of virilization despite the favourable myotrophic-androgenic dissociation that many xenobiotic steroids confer. Modulation of androgen receptor expression appears to be key to partial dissociation, with consideration of both intracellular steroid metabolism and the topology of the bound androgen receptor interacting with co-activators. An anticatabolic effect, by interfering with glucocorticoid receptor expression, remains an attractive hypothesis. Behavioural changes by non-genomic and genomic pathways probably help motivate training. Anabolic steroids continue to be the most common adverse finding in sport and, although apparently rare, designer steroids have been synthesized in an attempt to circumvent the dope test. Doping with anabolic steroids can result in damage to health, as recorded meticulously in the former German Democratic Republic. Even so, it is important not to exaggerate the medical risks associated with their administration for sporting or bodybuilding purposes but to emphasize to users that an attitude of personal invulnerability to their adverse effects is certainly misguided.

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“…Anabolic-androgenic steroids also have been used in clinical research trials for muscle wasting and weight loss due to chronic diseases (Johns et al, 2005), menopausal hormonal replacement (Arlt, 2006), osteoporosis (Tracz et al, 2006), male contraception (Matthiesson and McLachlan, 2006), and depression (Pope et al, 2003). The non-medical use of anabolic steroids (NMAS) is most prevalent among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. (Johnston et al, 2005) and adverse psychiatric effects have been found to be associated with NMAS (Malone et al, 1995;Pope et al, 2000;Su et al, 1993;Yates et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in non-medical use of anabolic steroids by U.S. college students: Results from four national surveys

McCabe¹,

Brower²,

West³

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

118

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This study assessed the prevalence, trends, and student- and college-level characteristics associated with the non-medical use of anabolic steroids (NMAS) among U.S. college students. Data were collected through self-administered mail surveys, from 15,282, 14,428, 13,953, and 10,904 randomly selected college students at the same 119 nationally representative colleges in 1993, 1997, 1999 and 2001, respectively. The prevalence of lifetime, past-year and past-month NMAS was 1% or less and generally did not change significantly between 1993 and 2001, with one exception: past-year NMAS increased significantly among men from 1993 (0.36%) to 2001 (0.90%). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that lifetime and past-year NMAS were associated with student-level characteristics such as being male and participation in intercollegiate athletics. Lifetime and past-year NMAS were also positively associated with several risky behaviors, including cigarette smoking, illicit drug use, drinking and driving, and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders. Nearly 7 out of every 10 lifetime non-medical users of anabolic steroids met past-year criteria for a DSM-IV alcohol use disorder. Although the overall prevalence of NMAS remained low between 1993 and 2001, findings suggest that continued monitoring is necessary because male student-athletes are at heightened risk for NMAS and this behavior is associated with a wide range of risky health behaviors. The characteristics associated with NMAS have important implications for future practice and research.

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Anabolic steroids for the treatment of weight loss in HIV-infected individuals

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism

Prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients: a consensus statement by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism

Pharmacology of anabolic steroids

Trends in non-medical use of anabolic steroids by U.S. college students: Results from four national surveys

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