An αβ T‐cell‐independent immunoprotective response towards gut coccidia is supported by γδ cells

Smith, Adrian L.; Hayday, Adrian

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00122.x

Cited by 49 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…␥␦ T cells have been implicated in providing help to B cells, particularly after certain types of infections are initiated (29). Thus, it is possible that in the absence of ␣␤ T cells, infections involving stimulation of ␥␦ T cells could lead to B cell activation and production of ␣Gal-specific Abs, as observed in other systems (30). The mice used in this study were housed in microisolator conditions, which affects their exposure to various flora and may influence production of Abs specific for ␣Gal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of T Cell Help in the Production of Antibodies Specific for Galα1–3Gal

Crétin

Bracy

Hanson

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

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The majority of xenoreactive natural Abs in humans recognize the carbohydrate Ag present on pig tissue, Galα1–3Galβ1–4GlcNAc-R (αGal), synthesized by the enzyme UDP galactose:β-d-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-d-glucosaminide α(1–3)galactosyltransferase or αGT. Using αGT knockout mice (GT0 mice), which like humans produce serum Abs that bind αGal, we examined the role of T cells in production of Abs specific for αGal. GT0 mice were crossed with TCR-β knockout mice (TCR-β0) to generate double-knockout mice (GT0/TCR-β0). While GT0/TCR-β+ mice exhibited an age-dependent increase in the serum titer of natural Abs specific for αGal, a similar increase was not observed in GT0/TCR-β0 mice, and the titer of αGal-specific Abs in double knockouts was significantly lower than in age-matched GT0/TCR-β+ mice. Immunization with pig cells resulted in a significant increase in the serum titer of αGal-specific Abs in GT0/TCR-β+ mice, but had no effect on the level of αGal-specific serum Abs in GT0/TCR-β0 mice. Treatment of GT0/TCR-β+ mice with anti-CD40L Abs before immunization with pig cells prevented sensitization to αGal. Our data suggest that the majority of αGal-specific Abs are T cell dependent and that production of αGal-specific Abs after sensitization can be prevented by blocking costimulatory pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of T Cell Help in the Production of Antibodies Specific for Galα1–3Gal

Crétin

Bracy

Hanson

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

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“…The TCR gd T cells and their subsets have relatively high abundance in the respiratory mucosa and play pivotal roles in the allergic inflammation of the respiratory tract (1). Exploring the expressions of TCRg and TCR d in the peripheral blood or nasal mucosa and the clonality of T cells and investigating the potential functions of these cells in allergic diseases may therefore be helpful for the understanding of the pathogenesis of AR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the peripheral blood, the TCR gd T cells are the predominant type and can specifically recognize antigens. However, TCR gd T cells account for only 1-10% of T cells in the peripheral blood but for as high as 20-50% in the intestinal and respiratory mucosa and they can directly recognize antigens (1). TCR gd T cells have been regarded to bridge the natural immunity and acquired immunity, and play an important role in the immune response of respiratory mucosa (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten AR patients undergoing SIT with house-dust-mite extract for 1 year were recruited. Quanti tative analysis of immunofluorescence was performed to detect the serum specific IgE (sIgE) level before and after SIT; RT-PCR-genescan analysis was employed to detect the mRNA expressions of TCR Vg (I-III) and Vd (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) in the peripheral mononuclear cells followed by analysis of T cell clonality. Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expressions of TCR Vg I-III genes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Immunotherapy on the Distribution and Clonality of TCR Vγ and Vδ Subfamily T Cells in Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Yang¹,

Li²,

Wu³

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Biochemistry

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Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the peripheral specific IgE level, distribution of TCR Vg and Vd subfamily T cells and mRNA expressions of TCR Vg I-III following specific immunotherapy (SIT) with house-dust-mite extract in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. Ten AR patients undergoing SIT with house-dust-mite extract for 1 year were recruited. Quanti tative analysis of immunofluorescence was performed to detect the serum specific IgE (sIgE) level before and after SIT; RT-PCR-genescan analysis was employed to detect the mRNA expressions of TCR Vg (I-III) and Vd (1-8) in the peripheral mononuclear cells followed by analysis of T cell clonality. Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expressions of TCR Vg I-III genes. Ten healthy volunteers served as controls. For AR patients, SIT treatment could improve the symptoms, but the serum sIgE level was not markedly decreased. Before SIT, the expressions of TCR Vg I-III gene were similar between AR patients and controls (P>0.05) but markedly decreased after SIT in AR patients (P<0.05 in TCR VgI and VgII). The expressions of TCR Vd (1-8) before and after SIT were 5.3±0.82 and 4.9±0.57, respectively, and that in healthy controls was 5.2±1.40. Vd1, 2, 3 and 6 were the most common genes found in these patients. Significant difference in the TCR Vd6 subfamily T cells was found between the two groups. Polyclonal or biclonal proliferation was found in the T cells of patients before SIT and in healthy controls, but oligoclonal proliferation in only 1 subject before SIT. After SIT, the proportion of patients with oligoclonal proliferation of T cells (6/10) was markedly increased (P<0.05). SIT for 1 year could alter the expressions of TCR Vg I-III genes, the Kratak sadr`aj: Cilj ove studije bio je da se istra`e promene u nivou specifi~nog IgE u perifernoj krvi, distribuciji T }elija iz potporodice TCR Vg i Vd i ekspresiji TCR Vg I-III u mRNK posle specifi~ne imunoterapije (SIT) sa ekstraktom grinja iz ku}ne pra{ine kod pacijenata sa alergijskim rinitisom (AR). Uklju~eno je 10 pacijenata sa AR le~enih specifi~nom imunoterapijom sa ekstraktom grinja iz ku}ne pra{ine tokom 1 godine. Obavljena je kvantitativna analiza imunofluorescencijom kako bi se odredio nivo specifi~nog IgE (sIgE) u serumu pre i posle SIT; primenjena je RT-PCRgenescan analiza radi odre|ivanja ekspresije TCR Vg (I-III) i Vd (1-8) u mRNK u perifernim mononuklearnim }elijama posle ~ega je obavljena analiza klonalnosti T }elija. Kvantitativna PCR analiza u realnom vremenu sprovedena je kako bi se odredila ekspresija TCR Vg I-III gena. Deset zdravih dobrovoljaca slu`ilo je kao kontrolna grupa. Kod pacijenata sa AR, tretman SIT olak{ao je simptome, ali nivo sIgE u serumu nije se zna~ajno snizio. Pre SIT, ekspresija TCR Vg I-III gena bila je sli~na kod pacijenata sa AR i kontrolnih subjekata (P>0,05), ali se zna~ajno snizila posle SIT kod pacijenata sa AR (P>0,05 u TCR VgI i VgII). Ekspresija TCR Vd (1-8) pre i posle SIT bila je 5,3±0,82 i 4,9±0,57, a kod zdravih subjekata 5,2±1...

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“…Therefore, an understanding of GALT function is helpful in the development of successful vaccination strategies and the prevention of potential autoimmune disorders. 18 GALT performs three important functions in response to a coccidial infection: antigen processing and presentation, intestinal antibody production, and costimulation of cell-mediated immunity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidiosis: recent advancements in the immunobiology of Eimeria species, preventive measures, and the importance of vaccination as a control tool against these Apicomplexan parasites

Shivaramaiah¹,

Barta²,

Hernández-Velasco³

et al. 2014

VMRR

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Coccidiosis, caused by parasites of the genus Eimeria, is probably the most expensive parasitic disease of poultry. Species of Eimeria are ubiquitous where poultry are raised and are known to cause drastic reductions in performance and induce mortality, thereby affecting the overall health status of poultry. Chemotherapy has been the predominant form of disease control for many years, even though vaccination is steadily gaining importance as a feasible control method. The objective of this review is to highlight recent advancements in understanding the role of host immunity against coccidiosis. In addition, pros and cons associated with chemotherapy and the role of vaccination as an increasingly popular disease control method are discussed. Finally, the role played by recombinant vaccines as a potential vaccination tool is highlighted. With interest growing rapidly in understanding host-parasite biology, recent developments in designing recombinant vaccines and potential epitopes that have shown promise are mentioned.

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An αβ T‐cell‐independent immunoprotective response towards gut coccidia is supported by γδ cells

Cited by 49 publications

References 56 publications

The Role of T Cell Help in the Production of Antibodies Specific for Galα1–3Gal

The Role of T Cell Help in the Production of Antibodies Specific for Galα1–3Gal

Effects of Immunotherapy on the Distribution and Clonality of TCR Vγ and Vδ Subfamily T Cells in Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Coccidiosis: recent advancements in the immunobiology of Eimeria species, preventive measures, and the importance of vaccination as a control tool against these Apicomplexan parasites

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