An ytterbium quantum gas microscope with narrow-line laser cooling

Yamamoto, Ryuta; Kobayashi, Jun; Kuno, Takuma; Kato, Keita; Takahashi, Yoshiro

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/18/2/023016

Cited by 136 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, two important tools have been lacking: imaging and addressing fermionic atoms at the single-site and single-atom level [9]. When applied to bosonic atoms, these tools have already been dramatically successful [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].High-resolution imaging and manipulation of ultracold fermions solves several outstanding problems at once. First, in-situ spatial probes directly reveal the order parameter of insulating phases, magnetic domain formation, and other correlations inaccessible in time-of-flight imaging [13,14,19].…”

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Imaging and addressing of individual fermionic atoms in an optical lattice

et al. 2015

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We demonstrate fluorescence microscopy of individual fermionic potassium atoms in a 527-nmperiod optical lattice. Using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) cooling on the 770.1-nm D1 transition of 40 K, we find that atoms remain at individual sites of a 0.3-mK-deep lattice, with a 1/e pinning lifetime of 67(9) s, while scattering ∼ 10 3 photons per second. The plane to be imaged is isolated using microwave spectroscopy in a magnetic field gradient, and can be chosen at any depth within the three-dimensional lattice. With a similar protocol, we also demonstrate patterned selection within a single lattice plane. High resolution images are acquired using a microscope objective with 0.8 numerical aperture, from which we determine the occupation of lattice sites in the imaging plane with 94(2)% fidelity per atom. Imaging with single-atom sensitivity and addressing with single-site accuracy are key steps towards the search for unconventional superfluidity of fermions in optical lattices, the initialization and characterization of transport and non-equilibrium dynamics, and the observation of magnetic domains.Ultracold fermionic atoms in an optical lattice realize an impurity-free analog of electrons in crystalline materials, with full control of parameters such as interaction strength, dimensionality, and tunneling [1,2]. Furthermore, ultracold systems can study many-body physics in scenarios currently inaccessible to materials, such as gauge fields equivalent to thousands of Tesla [3][4][5], interactions at the unitary limit [6], and quantum manybody physics far from equilibrium [7]. With sufficient control and probes, these experiments can be considered analog quantum simulations [8,9]. However, two important tools have been lacking: imaging and addressing fermionic atoms at the single-site and single-atom level [9]. When applied to bosonic atoms, these tools have already been dramatically successful [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].High-resolution imaging and manipulation of ultracold fermions solves several outstanding problems at once. First, in-situ spatial probes directly reveal the order parameter of insulating phases, magnetic domain formation, and other correlations inaccessible in time-of-flight imaging [13,14,19]. Second, an ensemble of density distributions provides a direct measure of entropy [13,14], extending thermometry of lattice fermions [21]. Third, manipulation of atoms with single-site precision can initiate dynamics [15,16], project or remove disorder [14], and selectively remove high entropy atoms to perform in-situ cooling [22,23].This year, five research groups have succeeded in imaging single fermions in an optical lattice: three using Raman sideband cooling [24][25][26] and two using EIT cooling [27], including the results reported in this Article. Our approach is distinguished by a unique imaging configuration, and takes a further step by implementing threedimensional spatial addressing, which is used here for selective removal of atoms from the lattice. Figure 1 ill...

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Imaging and addressing of individual fermionic atoms in an optical lattice

et al. 2015

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“…The ability to trap and cool fermionic atoms with large magnetic moment has made it possible to simulate systems with long-range interactions with controllable magnitude [23][24][25][26] and image them through a quantum gas microscope [27][28][29][30][31] developed recently. Our results can thus be readily verified experimentally.…”

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Population imbalance in the extended Fermi-Hubbard model

2016

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We study the interplay between population imbalance in a two-component fermionic system and nearestneighbor interaction using the matrix product states method. Our analysis reveals a parameter regime for the existence of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase. Furthermore, we find distinct evidence for the presence of hidden order in the system. We present an effective model to understand the emergent oscillations in the string correlations due to the imbalance and show how they can become an efficient tool to investigate systems with imbalance.

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“…Not surprisingly, there has been a flurry of activity to extend this technique to a variety of atomic species. Most recently, Yamamoto et al [10] demonstrate a QGM in ytterbium, a species that promises to be a strong candidate for applications to metrology and studies of exotic quantum magnetic phases.…”

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“…Yamamoto et al [10] present an elegant solution that is uniquely suited to the alkaline-Earth family of atoms such as ytterbium or strontium. The alkaline-Earth elements are characterized by two s-shell valence electons, causing their optical transitions to segregate into two distinct manifolds corresponding to the singlet and triplet electronic states.…”

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Quantum gas microscopy of ytterbium: cool me twice

Vengalattore

2016

New J. Phys.

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The site-resolved detection of ultracold atoms in optical lattice potentials is a powerful technique to study lattice models of correlated quantum matter. In their recent paper, Yamamoto et al (2016 New J. Phys. 18 023016) demonstrate a quantum gas microscope for ultracold ytterbium atoms. By simultaneously cooling these atoms on two optical transitions, they show that fluorescent images of the lattice gas can be obtained while keeping the atoms pinned to their lattice sites even for a lattice spacing as small as 266 nm. This promises to be a powerful enabling tool for studies of metrology and quantum magnetism with quantum degenerate gases of ytterbium.

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An ytterbium quantum gas microscope with narrow-line laser cooling

Cited by 136 publications

References 49 publications

Imaging and addressing of individual fermionic atoms in an optical lattice

Imaging and addressing of individual fermionic atoms in an optical lattice

Population imbalance in the extended Fermi-Hubbard model

Quantum gas microscopy of ytterbium: cool me twice

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