An X-ray diffraction study of the effects of heat treatment on bone mineral microstructure

Research potential and limitations of trace analyses of cremated remains

“…However, this work is consistent with other studies in which no such transformation was observable [55,15]. This difference has been ascribed to greater Ca/P ratios and lower amounts of HPO 4 À and Mg [56].…”

Characterization and textural analysis of Middle Bronze Age Transdanubian inlaid wares of the Encrusted Pottery Culture, Hungary: a preliminary study

“…As bone mineral is considered to resemble an impure and poorly crystalline form of hydroxyapatite (HAP), with unit cell contents Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 (Mkukuma et al, 2004), these XRD spectra suggest that the inlay material is for the most part mammal bone. Recent studies of the progressive heating of human bone show that the XRD trace shows a marked decrease in band widths between 400 and 600 C (Rogers and Daniels, 2002). Similar results were obtained following the progressive heating and XRD analysis of deer antler, with diffraction maxima also becoming significantly more intense and narrow above 600 C (Mkukuma et al, 2004).…”

Informative Potential of Multiscale Observations in Archaeological Biominerals Down to Nanoscale

“…(Buckley et al 2008(Buckley et al , 2010Collins et al 1995Collins et al , 1999Collins et al , 2002Richter et al 2011Richter et al , 2011aChadefaux et al 2009a;Chadefaux and Reiche 2009). Mineral matter composition and structure was investigated by means of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), FTIR and Raman spectroscopy and various other techniques have been used to screen parameters such as crystallinity, carbonate content or uptake of foreign elements [Sr, F, rare earth elements (REE)] (Person et al , 1996aBerna et al 2004;Rogers and Daniels 2002;Edwards et al 2006; Edwards and O'Connor 2012; Bartsiokas and Middleton 1992;Trueman et al 2004Trueman et al , 2008.…”

“…Many studies were thus undertaken to clarify this matter by analysing changes in bone structure and properties upon controlled (artificial) heating in, both, field or laboratory conditions using a wide range of characterization methods (Shipman et al 1984;Holden et al 1995;Person et al 1996b;Rogers and Daniels 2002;Piga et al 2013;Hiller and Wess 2006;Munro et al 2007;Lebon et al 2010). A detailed review of the changes observed is beyond the scope of this chapter (see, e.g.…”

“…using TEM, Richter 1986) and molecular levels [with FTIR spectroscopy (Ellingham et al 2015a;Lebon et al 2008;Shahack-Gross et al 1997;Squires et al 2011;Thompson et al 2009], many studies were devoted to assess changes in mineral nanocrystal organization Hiller et al 2003;Gourrier et al 2011a) and crystallographic structure (Person et al 1996b;Enzo et al 2007;Rogers et al 2010;Rogers and Daniels 2002;Piga et al 2008Piga et al , 2013. Oddly, while the collagen structure undergoes important denaturation processes before degrading at ~400 °C, a vast majority of experiments point to the quasi-systematic absence of changes in the mineral properties below this temperature.…”