An X-ray Absorption, Photoemission, and Raman Study of the Interaction between SnO₂ Nanoparticle and Carbon Nanotube

Abstract

The interaction between SnO 2 and substrate in SnO 2 nanoparicles (NPs)-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite has been studied by X-ray absorption near-edge structures (XANES) at Sn M 5,4 , O K-edge and C K-edge. SnO 2 NPs in the composite have a rutile crystal structure with abundant surface states. The variation in resonance features of the XANES strongly supports that the crystalline SnO 2 NPs interact with CNTs through synergic bonding involving charge redistribution between C 2p-derived states and the valence and conduction bands in SnO 2 NPs via interaction at the interface facilitated by oxidation treatment of the CNT prior to composite formation. Raman and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) results support the synergic bonding interaction. Such interaction is expected not only to immobilize SnO 2 NPs on CNT but also to improve the conductivity of SnO 2 NPs.

Growth kinetics of nanograins in SnO2 fibers and size dependent sensing properties

“…2(c) and (d), respectively. The spectral signatures observed in the Sn-M 5 edge a to c and O-K edge a 1 to c 1 clearly resemble those of the nanocrystalline SnO 2 [22,23]. There is no trace of SnO or any impurities including other oxides of Sn.…”

“…These results were confirmed by comparing the reference spectra reported in Refs. [20][21][22]. Fig.…”

“…This spectroscopy is very sensitive to valence changes and the bonding nature. The spectral features arise from the transitions due to the dipole selection rules [22][23][24]. Thus, the O-K edge and Sn-M edges involve s to p and d to p or f transitions, respectively.…”

Field Emission Characteristics of SnO2/CNTs Composites Prepared by Microwave‐Assisted Wet Impregnation

“…This is based on the fact that the work function of CNTs is approximately equal to SnO 2 , which makes the electrons travel through the SnO 2 grains to CNTs and then conduct in the CNTs with low resistance [11]. To date, various techniques have been used to prepare SnO 2 /CNT hybrid structures, such as wet-chemical [12][13][14][15], sol-gel [16], gas-phase [17,18], and supercritical fluid [19] methods. However, all those techniques are time consuming, expensive, and show relatively low capacity retention.…”

Controllable synthesis of bifunctional NaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+@SiO2/Au nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence and high X-ray attenuation

“…Multicomponent nanostructures that contain two or more different nanoscale functionalities are attractive candidates for advanced nanomaterials [1][2][3][4][5]. With controlled structure and interface interactions, these nanocomposites can inherit excellent chemical and physical properties from their parent components, which greatly enhance the potential and broaden the application of such composite bifunctional nanomaterials in the areas of biotechnology, electronics, photonics, catalysis, and sensors.…”