An Updated Nation-Wide Epidemiological Survey of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Infection in Japan

Nakamura, Yuki; Nakamura, Yuichi; URA, Asami; Hirata, Momoko; Sakuma, Masato; Sakata, Yoshimi; Nishigaki, Kazuo; Tsujimoto, Hajime; Setoguchi, Asuka; Endo, Yasuyuki

doi:10.1292/jvms.09-0574

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…FIV‐infected cats were compared with an uninfected control group adjusted for age and sex. The prevalence of FIV in this group of predominantly sick cats was 14.6%, which is in accordance with previous studies of sick cats from the Asia Pacific region where FIV prevalence data are consistently among the highest found internationally . In contrast, the finding of a single cat with FeLV antigenemia among 288 cats tested is consistent with the very low prevalence of FeLV in Australia .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical Findings and Survival in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Liem

Dhand

Pepper

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The clinical course and outcome of natural feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection are variable and incompletely understood. Assigning clinical relevance to FIV infection in individual cats represents a considerable clinical challenge.Objective: To compare signalment, hematologic and biochemical data, major clinical problem, and survival among client-owned, FIV-infected, and uninfected domestic cats.Animals: Client-owned, domestic cats tested for FIV (n = 520). Methods: Retrospective, case control study. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for FIV infection and to compare hematologic and biochemical data between cases and controls, after adjusting for potential confounders. Survival times were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves.Results: The prevalence of FIV infection was 14.6%. Mixed breed, male sex, and older age were risk factors for FIV infection. Hematologic abnormalities, biochemical abnormalities or both were common in both FIV-infected and uninfected cats. Lymphoid malignancies were slightly more common in FIV-infected than uninfected cats. Survival of FIVinfected cats was not significantly different from that of uninfected cats.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Multiple hematologic and biochemical abnormalities are common in old, sick cats regardless of their FIV status. Their presence should not be assumed to indicate clinical progression of FIV infection. A negative effect of FIV on survival was not apparent in this study.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical Findings and Survival in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Liem

Dhand

Pepper

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Blood for peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) isolation and spleen and muscle tissues from domestic cats and Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus were collected at private veterinary hospitals (26) and the Tsushima Wildlife Conservation Center (TWCC) in Japan.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Endogenous Retroviruses in Cats and Emergence of Recombinant Viruses

Anai

Ochi

Watanabe

et al. 2012

J Virol

Self Cite

189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

bEndogenous retroviruses (ERVs) comprise a significant percentage of the mammalian genome, and it is poorly understood whether they will remain as inactive genomes or emerge as infectious retroviruses. Although several types of ERVs are present in domestic cats, infectious ERVs have not been demonstrated. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized class of endogenous gammaretroviruses, termed ERV-DCs, that is present and hereditary in the domestic cat genome. We have characterized a subset of ERV-DC proviral clones, which are numbered according to their genomic insertions. One of these, ERV-DC10, located in the q12-q21 region on chromosome C1, is an infectious gammaretrovirus capable of infecting a broad range of cells, including human. Our studies indicate that ERV-DC10 entered the genome of domestic cats in the recent past and appeared to translocate to or reintegrate at a distinct locus as infectious ERV-DC18. Insertional polymorphism analysis revealed that 92 of 244 domestic cats had ERV-DC10 on a homozygous or heterozygous locus. ERV-DC-like sequences were found in primate and rodent genomes, suggesting that these ERVs, and recombinant viruses such as RD-114 and BaEV, originated from an ancestor of ERV-DC. We also found that a novel recombinant virus, feline leukemia virus subgroup D (FeLV-D), was generated by ERV-DC env transduction into feline leukemia virus in domestic cats. Our results indicate that ERV-DCs behave as donors and/or acceptors in the generation of infectious, recombinant viruses. The presence of such infectious endogenous retroviruses, which could be harmful or beneficial to the host, may affect veterinary medicine and public health.

show abstract

“…For each cat, the age, sex, and primary complaint were recorded. The health profile of these cats has been partly described previously [32]. Blood samples were stored between −20 and −30°C prior to DNA extraction, and each of the 1770 samples was tested for serological evidence of FeLV infection by screening for the FeLV Gag antigen using a commercially-available test kit (SNAP FeLV/FIV combo kit; IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and Structural Diversity in the Feline Leukemia Virus Env Gene

et al. 2013

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) belongs to the genus Gammaretrovirus, and causes a variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases in cats. Alteration of viral env sequences is thought to be associated with disease specificity, but the way in which genetic diversity of FeLV contributes to the generation of such variants in nature is poorly understood. We isolated FeLV env genes from naturally infected cats in Japan and analyzed the evolutionary dynamics of these genes. Phylogenetic reconstructions separated our FeLV samples into three distinct genetic clusters, termed Genotypes I, II, and III. Genotype I is a major genetic cluster and can be further classified into Clades 1–7 in Japan. Genotypes were correlated with geographical distribution; Genotypes I and II were distributed within Japan, whilst FeLV samples from outside Japan belonged to Genotype III. These results may be due to geographical isolation of FeLVs in Japan. The observed structural diversity of the FeLV env gene appears to be caused primarily by mutation, deletion, insertion and recombination, and these variants may be generated de novo in individual cats. FeLV interference assay revealed that FeLV genotypes did not correlate with known FeLV receptor subgroups. We have identified the genotypes which we consider to be reliable for evaluating phylogenetic relationships of FeLV, which embrace the high structural diversity observed in our sample. Overall, these findings extend our understanding of Gammaretrovirus evolutionary patterns in the field, and may provide a useful basis for assessing the emergence of novel strains and understanding the molecular mechanisms of FeLV transmission in cats.

show abstract

An Updated Nation-Wide Epidemiological Survey of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Infection in Japan

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Clinical Findings and Survival in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Clinical Findings and Survival in Cats Naturally Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Infectious Endogenous Retroviruses in Cats and Emergence of Recombinant Viruses

Phylogenetic and Structural Diversity in the Feline Leukemia Virus Env Gene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About