An Update on the Global Treatment of Invasive Fungal Infections

Munzen, Melissa E; Goncalves Garcia, Ariana D; Martinez, Luis R

doi:10.2217/fmb-2022-0269

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Eleven of patients with a previous history of cancer had received chemotherapy for their malignancy. Chemotherapy is also a well-known etiology of an immunocompromised status [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Risk Factors for Orbital Complications in Isolated Sphenoid Rhinosinusitis

Chang,

Huang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis may have devastating consequences such as orbital complications due to its anatomical contiguity with vital structures. This study aimed to identify patients with isolated sphenoid inflammatory diseases at high risk for developing orbital complications and requiring aggressive management through investigation of the clinical and computed tomography (CT) characteristics of patients with isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis. Materials and Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery between 2005 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis were identified based on a manual review of the clinical and histopathological findings. Participants’ clinical and CT features were reviewed. Results: Among the 118 patients with isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis, 15 (12.7%) developed orbital complications, including diplopia, extraocular motility limitation, ptosis, and visual impairment. Headaches and facial pain occurred significantly more frequently in patients with orbital complications than in those without orbital complications (p < 0.001). Patients with diabetes mellitus or malignant neoplasms were more likely to develop orbital complications than those without these comorbidities (p < 0.05). Bony dehiscence on CT images was significantly more common in patients with orbital complications than in those without. In the regression analysis, diabetes mellitus (OR, 4.62), malignant neoplasm (OR, 4.32), and bony dehiscence (OR, 4.87) were significant predictors of orbital complications (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Headaches and facial pain are the most common symptoms of isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis. Orbital complications of isolated sphenoid rhinosinusitis are more common in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus or malignancy or in those with bony dehiscence on CT images.

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“…Eleven of patients with a previous history of cancer had received chemotherapy for their malignancy. Chemotherapy is also a well-known etiology of an immunocompromised status [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Risk Factors for Orbital Complications in Isolated Sphenoid Rhinosinusitis

Chang,

Huang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Medicina

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“…There are over two dozen classes of drugs used to treat bacterial infections, whereas there are only three classes currently available in the clinic for treating invasive fungal infections ( 36 , 37 ). And yet, these few options are even more limited because they are expensive, are toxic, or are associated with both acquired and intrinsic resistance ( 38 ). Furthermore, some of these drugs are unavailable globally, especially in low-resource countries where the burden of fungal infections is the highest ( 39 ).…”

Section: Why Are Fungal Diseases So Challenging To Treat?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced genetic techniques in fungal pathogen research

Ross,

Santiago-Tirado

2024

mSphere

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Although fungi have been important model organisms for solving genetic, molecular, and ecological problems, recently, they are also becoming an important source of infectious disease. Despite their high medical burden, fungal pathogens are understudied, and relative to other pathogenic microbes, less is known about how their gene functions contribute to disease. This is due, in part, to a lack of powerful genetic tools to study these organisms. In turn, this has resulted in inappropriate treatments and diagnostics and poor disease management. There are a variety of reasons genetic studies were challenging in pathogenic fungi, but in recent years, most of them have been overcome or advances have been made to circumvent these barriers. In this minireview, we highlight how recent advances in genetic studies in fungal pathogens have resulted in the discovery of important biology and potential new antifungals and have created the tools to comprehensively study these important pathogens.

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