An update on management of pediatric epistaxis

A prospective pilot study comparing nasal blood sampling and venipuncture for the assessment of hemoglobin levels and INR

“…The additional expenditure of cost and time has led to the general consensus that routine assessment of blood values in an epistaxis emergency is not considered to be a staple of general practice. 4 In an earlier investigation conducted at the Zurich University Hospital, highrisk transfusion cohorts were identified and characterized without the contemplation of blood values. The acronym THREAT (trauma, hematologic disorder, and rear origin of bleeding) helps to remember and identify the factors associated with an increased risk of receiving blood transfusion.…”

“…Although routine laboratory screening is considered useful or is even recommended for the pediatric population, similar lab screening for anemia or coagulopathies is not recommended in otherwise healthy epistaxis patients . The decision to evaluate Hb and INR during an emergency is instead based on the patient's history and resources available in the particular emergency setting, and it takes into account clinic‐ or medical system‐specific economic considerations.…”

Emergency Department care of childhood epistaxis

“…In a retrospective study3 concerning 175 children younger than 18 years managed for epistaxis in the outpatient ENT clinic of tertiary medical centre, the author reported three (2.4%) cases of nasal polyps, and one (0.8%) case of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma with an average age of patients with nasal masses of 16.2 years 3. Only 4.6% had abnormal coagulation studies.…”

Causes and prognostic Factors of epistaxis in children

“…Çalışmalarda epistaksisin mevsimsel değişiminde çok farklılık olmadığı tüm sezonlarda eşit olduğu bulunmuştur (5,11). Almanya da yapılan bir çalışmada 15.523 hastalık bir çalışmada daha çok şubat ayında epistaksis görüldüğünden bahsetmişlerdir (15).…”