An update on CRISPR-Cas12 as a versatile tool in genome editing

Senthilnathan, Raghul; Ilangovan, Ilamathi; Kunale, Milind; Easwaran, Nalini; Siva, Ramamoorthy; Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu; Gothandam, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan

doi:10.1007/s11033-023-08239-1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The major differences between Cas9 and Cas12a proteins include the following (Bandyopadhyay et al 2020, Senthilnathan et al 2023):…”

Section: Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cas12a and MAD7, genome editing tools for breeding

Hozumi,

Chen,

Takemoto

et al. 2024

Breed. Sci.

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Food shortages due to population growth and climate change are expected to occur in the near future as a problem that urgently requires solutions. Conventional breeding techniques, notably crossbreeding and mutation breeding, are known for being inefficient and time-consuming in obtaining seeds and seedlings with desired traits. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel methods for efficient plant breeding. Breeding by genome editing is receiving substantial attention because it can efficiently modify the target gene to obtain desired traits compared with conventional methods. Among the programmable sequence-specific nucleases that have been developed for genome editing, CRISPR-Cas12a and CRISPR-MAD7 nucleases are becoming more broadly adopted for the application of genome editing in grains, vegetables and fruits. Additionally, ST8, an improved variant of MAD7, has been developed to enhance genome editing efficiency and has potential for application to breeding of crops.

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“…The major differences between Cas9 and Cas12a proteins include the following (Bandyopadhyay et al 2020, Senthilnathan et al 2023):…”

Section: Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cas12a and MAD7, genome editing tools for breeding

Hozumi,

Chen,

Takemoto

et al. 2024

Breed. Sci.

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“…Although not yet as far advanced as Cas9 in terms of clinical studies, Cas12a has been used in multiple gene editing experiments over the course of the last decade [77].…”

Section: Gene Editing In Clinical Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Gene Therapeutics for Epidermolysis Bullosa under Development

Bischof,

Hierl,

Koller

2024

IJMS

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The monogenetic disease epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is characterised by the formation of extended blisters and lesions on the patient’s skin upon minimal mechanical stress. Causal for this severe condition are genetic mutations in genes, leading to the functional impairment, reduction, or absence of the encoded protein within the skin’s basement membrane zone connecting the epidermis to the underlying dermis. The major burden of affected families justifies the development of long-lasting and curative therapies operating at the genomic level. The landscape of causal therapies for EB is steadily expanding due to recent breakthroughs in the gene therapy field, providing promising outcomes for patients suffering from this severe disease. Currently, two gene therapeutic approaches show promise for EB. The clinically more advanced gene replacement strategy was successfully applied in severe EB forms, leading to a ground-breaking in vivo gene therapy product named beremagene geperpavec (B-VEC) recently approved from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In addition, the continuous innovations in both designer nucleases and gene editing technologies enable the efficient and potentially safe repair of mutations in EB in a potentially permanent manner, inspiring researchers in the field to define and reach new milestones in the therapy of EB.

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“…There are other variants of Cas proteins that are being investigated for this purpose. Some examples are CRISPR-Cas12 ( Xiao et al, 2021 ; Senthilnathan et al, 2023 ), CRISPR-Cas13 ( Kavuri et al, 2022 ), CRISPR-Cas3 ( Morisaka et al, 2019 ), and many others. Therefore, the role of AI approaches should become more important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing genome editing with artificial intelligence: opportunities, challenges, and future directions

Dixit,

Kumar,

Srinivasan

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based genome editing (GED) technologies have unlocked exciting possibilities for understanding genes and improving medical treatments. On the other hand, Artificial intelligence (AI) helps genome editing achieve more precision, efficiency, and affordability in tackling various diseases, like Sickle cell anemia or Thalassemia. AI models have been in use for designing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for CRISPR-Cas systems. Tools like DeepCRISPR, CRISTA, and DeepHF have the capability to predict optimal guide RNAs (gRNAs) for a specified target sequence. These predictions take into account multiple factors, including genomic context, Cas protein type, desired mutation type, on-target/off-target scores, potential off-target sites, and the potential impacts of genome editing on gene function and cell phenotype. These models aid in optimizing different genome editing technologies, such as base, prime, and epigenome editing, which are advanced techniques to introduce precise and programmable changes to DNA sequences without relying on the homology-directed repair pathway or donor DNA templates. Furthermore, AI, in collaboration with genome editing and precision medicine, enables personalized treatments based on genetic profiles. AI analyzes patients’ genomic data to identify mutations, variations, and biomarkers associated with different diseases like Cancer, Diabetes, Alzheimer’s, etc. However, several challenges persist, including high costs, off-target editing, suitable delivery methods for CRISPR cargoes, improving editing efficiency, and ensuring safety in clinical applications. This review explores AI’s contribution to improving CRISPR-based genome editing technologies and addresses existing challenges. It also discusses potential areas for future research in AI-driven CRISPR-based genome editing technologies. The integration of AI and genome editing opens up new possibilities for genetics, biomedicine, and healthcare, with significant implications for human health.

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An update on CRISPR-Cas12 as a versatile tool in genome editing

Cited by 7 publications

References 83 publications

Cas12a and MAD7, genome editing tools for breeding

Cas12a and MAD7, genome editing tools for breeding

Emerging Gene Therapeutics for Epidermolysis Bullosa under Development

Advancing genome editing with artificial intelligence: opportunities, challenges, and future directions

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