An Unusual Case of Renal Failure Due to Solitary Plasmacytoma: Parenchymal Invasion of the Kidney

Abstract

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell disorder mostly involving the upper airway; however, retroperitoneal infiltration is very rare. Kidney injury associated with EMP is exceptionally rare with only anecdotal reports. Herein we report a case of retroperitoneal EMP causing renal failure by the way of direct renal parenchymal infiltration. Renal parenchymal invasion should be considered in aggressive and refractory plasma cell dyscrasias with unexplained renal failure.

A case of disseminated recurrent retroperitoneal plasmacytoma with left obstructive hydronephrosis

“…Retroperitoneal plasmacytoma can present with abdominal pain or discomfort, back pain, obstructive jaundice,6 renal failure if there is invasion of the bilateral kidneys 2. Our patient had significant left-sided hydronephrosis, indicating compression of the left ureter by the mass.…”

“…Owing to the rarity of this entity, epidemiology including prevalence, age and sex distribution has not been well defined in the literature. In published case reports, involvement of variable age groups, ranging from 25 to 70 years, has been described 2 3 5–7…”

“…It accounts for about 3% of all the plasma cell neoplasms. The majority of EMPs occur in the head and neck region1 and retroperitoneal involvement is rare 2 3. They often pose a diagnostic challenge because of their unusual location and absence of symptoms until advanced stages.…”

Extramedullary plasmacytoma mimicking colon carcinoma: an unusual presentation and review of the literature

“…We have previously suggested that dementia with declined cognitive function shows relatively intact emotional functions using the Mini-Emotional State Examination. 1 Dementia is defined as a state of abnormality of brain function resulting in impairment of social function and interaction. If older people gently yielded to their caregiver's advice on activities, such as taking a bath and eating, but without showing BPSD, then this is not a case of dementia, 2 even if cognition is somewhat blurred, perhaps when sitting quietly on the veranda.…”

“…Retroperitoneal plasmacytoma patients can present with abdominal pain, back pain, discomfort, jaundice, dysuria or renal failure. [1][2][3] Retroperitoneal plasmacytoma develops in an unusual location and causes non-specific symptoms. Although our patient had slight back pain, laboratory analysis did not show renal failure or a rise in the bilirubin level.…”