An Unusual Case of Bony Styloid Processes That Extend to the Hyoid Bone

Abstract

The embryological origin of the hyoid bone is a point of uncertainty, with controversy surrounding the relative contribution of the second pharyngeal arch to hyoid development. We encountered a 52-year-old male with bilateral bony styloid extension to the lesser cornu of the hyoid bone during the workup of a patient with laryngeal cancer. This embryological malformation clearly supports the hypothesis that the second pharyngeal arch gives rise to the lesser cornu and demonstrates an unusual clinical finding that may be encountered by otolaryngologists. We demonstrate the imaging findings and surgical management of this unusual anatomical variant and review the embryological basis for this rare malformation.

Anthropological analysis of trauma in throat bone and cartilage: A review

“…Note however, that varying degrees of ossification of the thyroid and cricoid cartilage can occur. Although there is some debate about the embryologic development of the hyoid [ 4 , 5 ], most recognize considerable age variation in the union of its anatomical components. Throat structures demonstrate some anatomical variation that must be considered in evaluation [ 6 ].…”