An unprecedented alignment: state, finance, construction and housing production in Brazil since the 2000s

Shimbo, Lúcia Zanin

doi:10.1080/19491247.2019.1573960

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At the beginning of its creation, between 2009-2011, the program aimed to provide one million homes for the share of the population whose monthly income was less than one minimum wage. However, as pointed by many national and international [45,46,52,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65] authors, in its implementation model, the program "mobilized public funds as an instrument of capital accumulation that intensified the financialisation of the housing sector. .…”

Section: Theoretical Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in this situation, the state played a fundamental role in the process of neoliberalisation" [58] (p. 143). In that context, the territorial development advocated in the master plans remained to be achieved as urban segregation marked by the Brazilian land structure had been amplified by the influence of the "real estate financial complex" [63][64][65]. Such influence is also identified by [66,67], who state the contribution to the "segregationist urbanization" trends of Brazilian urban planning.…”

Section: Theoretical Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Urban Planning and Residential Segregation in Brazil—The Failure of the “Special Zone of Social Interest” Instrument in Londrina City (PR)

Costa

Antonello

2021

Sustainability

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The objective of this analysis is linked to the discussion of urban residential segregation marked by the Brazilian urban land structure and perpetuated by urban planning instruments at the municipal level. The spatial focus of the study is the municipality of Londrina (state of Paraná/Brazil). We aimed to analyze the relationship between urban zoning and the dynamics of residential segregation, unfolding two foci: verify to what extent the objectives presented in the municipal instrument translate the objectives of the instrument at the federal level (the City Statute–CE) and the national program “My Home, My Life” aimed to provide housing to socially vulnerable populations; the second focus, aims to assess how the planning instrument—the Special Zone of Social Interest (ZEIS), contemplated in the Land Use and Occupation Law and in the Municipal Master Plan of Londrina (PDPML, 2008)—materializes in practice the objectives of promoting equity in access to housing. The results show that although the objectives defined at the federal level are transposed to the municipal level, demonstrating a theoretical coherence between the instruments, there are flaws in their implementation. The case study results show that the urban zoning of Londrina has as a guideline a segregationist territorial ordering, leading to a residential segregation of the population with low purchasing power. On the other hand, the planning instrument that could change this reality is the ZEIS that, on the contrary, reinforced social housing in the periphery, conditioning the right to the city and perpetuating the social vulnerability of disadvantaged groups, in a process common to other Brazilian cities. Such constraints make relevant the establishment of land reserves for social housing based on clear roles of a social and functional mix, reinforced by the combat of vacant spaces and the definition of minimal housing and infrastructure densities to allow urban occupation.

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Section: Theoretical Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Planning and Residential Segregation in Brazil—The Failure of the “Special Zone of Social Interest” Instrument in Londrina City (PR)

Costa

Antonello

2021

Sustainability

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“…While the directors of real estate companies adopted financial reasoning and instruments from the outset, it was to be expected that the principle of ‘colonization’ would be evidenced in the gradual spread of financial reasoning to the lower levels of real estate organizations (see Baud and Chiapello, 2015). Real estate developers, in particular, increasingly come into contact with financial investors as shareholders in their firms (Romainville, 2017; Shimbo, 2019) or as representatives of real estate investment trusts (called ‘foncières’ in French). Our question was whether the regional directors, project managers or development managers applied a financial framework to the implementation of real estate projects.…”

Section: The Work Of Middle Management Far Away From Financial Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial natives: Real estate developers at work

Bardet

Coulondre

Shimbo

2020

Competition & Change

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Financialization, even contested, is a major focus of contemporary urban studies. The growing interest of institutional investors in real estate investments has been the subject of in-depth analyses that have suggested the need to critically examine their weight in contemporary urban production. Have investors become the new masters of the urban fabric, to the detriment of historical players such as property developers or local authorities? This article informs the discussion by looking at developers at work and identifying how financial profitability calculations could have invaded their activities. Based on a qualitative survey conducted in France on practising or retired professionals, it shows that there has actually been a surprising degree of stability in professional practices over the past 50 years, even though the economic environment changed at the beginning of the 1990s. Since the origins of the property development sector in France, the real estate firms have had close ties with the financial industry and have been using financial instruments. This is why they were considered as ‘financial natives’, while employees at the operational level remain outside the scope of the colonization of organizations by financial quantifications. The specific nature of real estate work, particularly its political component, means that decisions lower down in these companies cannot be guided solely by financial ratios. The extent of the changes triggered by the massive arrival of financial investments has not been as great as it may seem, since developers appear to have maintained most of their ability to influence contemporary urban governance.

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“…The Brazilian Federal Housing Program “Minha Casa Minha Vida” (MCMV) has two strands. The first one is called Track 1, which serves Social Housing Projects (SHPs) and focuses on low-income families, with monthly earnings of up to approximately USD 360, based on the dollar exchange rate in September 2020 (Shimbo, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocating scarce financial resources effectively through function analysis in social housing projects

Melo

Oliveira

Melo

2021

BEPAM

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PurposeBudget constraints faced by social housing projects (SHPs) developers can lead to poor value delivery to the end-users. Without a structured method to guide the decision-making processes during product development, SHP often fails to meet user needs and aspirations. Function analysis (FA) is an essential step in a value management (VM) study. Still, FA practice in SHP has been treated with secondary importance. This paper aims to propose a method for improving FA practice in the VM process for a Brazilian SHP to achieve optimum benefits.Design/methodology/approachThe research followed Design Science Research (DSR) in a specific single case study context, focusing on solving practical problems while contributing to theory. The method has 11 steps and guides a complete VM exercise. Its development was based on prior VM research. Focus group meetings were held to get feedback about the initial method's version to increase its relevancy and applicability in the studied context.FindingsThe proposed method suggests that scarce financial resources in SHP do not necessarily lead to low-value delivery and low-design quality. When FA is fully implemented, opportunities for cost reallocations to enhance value are identified.Originality/valueVM prior research in construction has not provided a specific method for improving FA practice for social housing developers to enhance value in the context of scarce financial resources.

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An unprecedented alignment: state, finance, construction and housing production in Brazil since the 2000s

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Urban Planning and Residential Segregation in Brazil—The Failure of the “Special Zone of Social Interest” Instrument in Londrina City (PR)

Urban Planning and Residential Segregation in Brazil—The Failure of the “Special Zone of Social Interest” Instrument in Londrina City (PR)

Financial natives: Real estate developers at work

Allocating scarce financial resources effectively through function analysis in social housing projects

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