An ultrathin invisibility skin cloak for visible light

Ni, Xingjie; Wong, Zi Jing; Mrejen, Michael; Wang, Yuan; Zhang, Xiang

doi:10.1126/science.aac9411

Cited by 1,000 publications

(619 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As a rapid developing research field that has attracted world wide interest, it would be impossible (and not necessary) to include every aspects of its past success. For instance, we have not included metasurfaces for antireflection coatings [85,241], photonic spin Hall effect at metasurfaces [242] and the ultrathin invisibility cloak [243].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

2016

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Abstract. Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that not found in nature. This class of micro-and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic and photonic phenomena. However, the high losses and strong dispersion associated with the resonant responses and the use of metallic structures, as well as the difficulty in fabricating the micro-and nanoscale 3D structures, have hindered practical applications of metamaterials. Planar metamaterials with subwavelength thickness, or metasurfaces, consisting of single-layer or few-layer stacks of planar structures can be readily fabricated using lithography and nanoprinting methods, and the ultrathin thickness in the wave propagation direction can greatly suppress the undesirable losses. Metasurfaces enable a spatially varying optical response (e.g., scattering amplitude, phase, and polarization), mold optical wavefronts into shapes that can be designed at will, and facilitate the integration of functional materials to accomplish active control and greatly enhanced nonlinear response. This paper reviews recent progress in the physics of metasurfaces operating at wavelengths ranging from microwave to visible. We provide an overview of key metasurface concepts such as anomalous reflection and refraction, and introduce metasurfaces based on the PancharatnamBerry phase and Huygens' metasurfaces, as well as their use in wavefront shaping and beam forming applications, followed by a discussion of polarization conversion in fewlayer metasurfaces and their related properties. An overview of dielectric metasurfaces reveals their ability to realize unique functionalities coupled with Mie resonances and their low ohmic losses. We also describe metasurfaces for wave guidance and radiation control, as well as active and nonlinear metasurfaces. Finally, we conclude by providing our opinions of future developments in this rapidly developing research field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

2016

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“…Then, carpet cloaks were introduced; such cloaks are easier to implement because they are based on the principle of hiding an object under a reflective ground plane in a semispace 5. Carpet cloaks have been experimentally demonstrated in the microwave range19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and in the optical spectrum 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. However, carpet cloaks operate by manipulating reflected light to map an object to a “flat” surface instead of making an object “disappear” from transmitted light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Visible‐Light Invisibility Cloak

et al. 2018

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The concept of an invisibility cloak is a fixture of science fiction, fantasy, and the collective imagination. However, a real device that can hide an object from sight in visible light from absolutely any viewpoint would be extremely challenging to build. The main obstacle to creating such a cloak is the coupling of the electromagnetic components of light, which would necessitate the use of complex materials with specific permittivity and permeability tensors. Previous cloaking solutions have involved circumventing this obstacle by functioning either in static (or quasistatic) fields where these electromagnetic components are uncoupled or in diffusive light scattering media where complex materials are not required. In this paper, concealing a large‐scale spherical object from human sight from three orthogonal directions is reported. This result is achieved by developing a 3D homogeneous polyhedral transformation and a spatially invariant refractive index discretization that considerably reduce the coupling of the electromagnetic components of visible light. This approach allows for a major simplification in the design of 3D invisibility cloaks, which can now be created at a large scale using homogeneous and isotropic materials.

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“…RCS reduction has received increasing attention in recent years with the rapid development of detection and stealth technology. The metamaterial absorber, which can offer nearly perfect absorption, has been successfully demonstrated as a good candidate at THz frequencies56789101112. In 2011, Iwaszczuk et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband and wide-angle RCS reduction using a 2-bit coding ultrathin metasurface at terahertz frequencies

Liu

Wei

Yan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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A novel broadband and wide-angle 2-bit coding metasurface for radar cross section (RCS) reduction is proposed and characterized at terahertz (THz) frequencies. The ultrathin metasurface is composed of four digital elements based on a metallic double cross line structure. The reflection phase difference of neighboring elements is approximately 90° over a broadband THz frequency. The mechanism of RCS reduction is achieved by optimizing the coding element sequences, which redirects the electromagnetic energies to all directions in broad frequencies. An RCS reduction of less than −10 dB bandwidth from 0.7 THz to 1.3 THz is achieved in the experimental and numerical simulations. The simulation results also show that broadband RCS reduction can be achieved at an incident angle below 60° for TE and TM polarizations under flat and curve coding metasurfaces. These results open a new approach to flexibly control THz waves and may offer widespread applications for novel THz devices.

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An ultrathin invisibility skin cloak for visible light

Cited by 1,000 publications

References 45 publications

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

A review of metasurfaces: physics and applications

3D Visible‐Light Invisibility Cloak

Broadband and wide-angle RCS reduction using a 2-bit coding ultrathin metasurface at terahertz frequencies

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