An ultrastructural study of early chondrogenesis in the chick wing bud

Searls, Robert L.; Hilfer, S. Robert; Mirow, Susan M.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(72)90131-5

Cited by 104 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The process begins with a condensation of mesenchymal cells, followed by controlled proliferation, and subsequent differentiation initially into mature chondrocytes and then into hypertrophic cells (Fell and Canti, 1934;Goetinck, 1991;Linsenmayer et al, 1973;Pechak et al, 1986;Reddi, 1995;Searls et al, 1972). Chondrocyte differentiation in the developing long bone is under strict positional and temporal regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of multiple genes during articular chondrocyte redifferentiation

Haudenschild¹,

McPherson²,

Tubo³

et al. 2001

Anat. Rec.

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Articular chondrocytes undergo a rapid change in phenotype and gene expression, termed dedifferentiation, when isolated from cartilage tissue and cultured on tissue culture plastic. On the other hand, "redifferentiation" of articular chondrocytes in suspension culture is characterized by decreased cellular proliferation and the reinitiation of synthesis of hyaline articular cartilage extracellular matrix molecules. The molecular triggers for these events have yet to be defined. Subtracted cDNA libraries representing genes involved in the early events of adult human articular chondrocyte redifferentiation were generated from human articular chondrocytes that were first cultured in monolayer, and subsequently transferred to suspension culture at 10 6 cells/ml for redifferentiation. Differential regulation of genes involved in cellular organization, nuclear structure, cellular growth regulation, and extracellular matrix deposition and remodeling were observed within 48 hr of this transfer. Many of these genes had not been previously identified in the chondrocyte differentiation pathway and a number of the isolated cDNAs did not have homologies to sequences in the public data banks. Genes involved in IL-6 signal transduction including acute phase response factor (APRF), Mn superoxide dismutase, and IL-6 itself were up-regulated in suspension culture. Membrane glycoprotein gp130, a component of the IL-6 receptor, was down-regulated. Other genes involved in cell polarity, cell adherence, apoptosis, and possibly TGF-beta signaling were differentially regulated. The differential regulation of the cytokine connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) during the early stages of articular chondrocyte redifferentiation, decreasing within 48 hours of transfer to suspension culture, was particularly interesting given its reported role in the stimulation of cellular proliferation. CTGF was highly expressed in proliferative monolayer culture, and then greatly reduced by redifferentiation in standard high-density suspension culture. When articular chondrocytes were seeded in suspension at low-density (10 4 cells/ml), however, high levels of CTGF were observed along with increased levels of mature articular cartilage extracellular matrix protein RNAs, such as type II collagen and aggrecan. Although the role of CTGF in articular cartilage biology remains to be elucidated, the results described here demonstrate the potential utility of subtractive hybridization in understanding the process of articular chondrocyte redifferentiation. Anat Rec 263: [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98] 2001.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of multiple genes during articular chondrocyte redifferentiation

Haudenschild¹,

McPherson²,

Tubo³

et al. 2001

Anat. Rec.

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“…20 In the early stages of cartilage formation, the ultrastructure of chondrogenesis reveals numerous microtubules randomly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, but the orderly arrangement of the microtubules within RER is considered to be a feature of neoplastic cartilage. 48 Parachordoma, or "chordoma periphericum," refers to a peripheral, usually benign soft tissue tumor that is similar in histologic appearance to chordoma 49 -51 and is thought to arise from eccentric, notochordlike structures. 52 The dual epithelial-mesenchymal nature of the notochord, as well as that of the chordoma cells, is thought to be due to their capacity for multidirectional differentiation along both mesenchymal and epithelial lines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma

Antonescu

Argani

Erlandson

et al. 1998

Cancer

177

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“…Subsequently, cell-cell contact was demonstrated with intercellular contact spacing of 80-200 Å. Searls et al (1972) reported an absence of tight junctions, and Singley and Solursh (1981) their infrequent occurrence at points of cell contact. Gap junctions between mesenchymal cells and focal cell contacts 50-100 nm in length in the mouse limb bud from E-10 to E-11 (Zimmermann et al, 1982;Zimmermann, 1984) and in the chick limb bud mesenchyme Fallon, 1978, 1983) suggests that undifferentiated mesenchymal cell activity may be functionally coordinated throughout the cell population immediately preceding condensation.…”

Section: Ultrastructural Features Of Limbmentioning

confidence: 97%

Morphological foundations of precartilage development in mesenchyme

Wezeman¹

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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An ultrastructural study of early chondrogenesis in the chick wing bud

Cited by 104 publications

References 26 publications

Differential expression of multiple genes during articular chondrocyte redifferentiation

Differential expression of multiple genes during articular chondrocyte redifferentiation

Skeletal and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma

Morphological foundations of precartilage development in mesenchyme

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