An ultrasonographic investigation of deep neck flexor muscles cross-sectional area in forward and normal head posture

Moghadam, Roya Eshaghi; Rahnama, Leila; Karimi, Noureddin; Amiri, Masoud; Rahnama, Mahsa

doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.11.002

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Change in muscle elasticity can indirectly reflect changes of muscle mass and quality 27,30 . Besides, changes in muscle fiber type and cross-section area of neck muscles in patients with neck or shoulder pain have been reported in previous literature 26,31,32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Determination of reference ranges for normal upper trapezius elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography: a preliminary study

Wang

Xiang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this study was to determine the reference ranges of normal upper trapezius (UT) elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography (SWE). Mean shear wave velocity (SWV) of UT elasticity in eighty healthy participants were measured at left and right shoulder 0° abduction and 90° passive abduction (L0°, R0°, L90°, R90°) with SWE. The effects of potential factors (gender, UT thickness, age, and body mass index) on UT elasticity were analyzed. The reference ranges of normal UT elasticity were calculated by using the normal distribution method. UT elasticity was significantly different among various shoulder abduction (P < 0.0001). UT elasticity was significantly higher in males at both L90° (P < 0.05) and R90° (P < 0.01) than in females. The reference ranges of normal UT elasticity were 2.90–4.01 m/s at L0° and 3.01–4.29 m/s at R0°, and were 4.90–6.40 m/s in males and 4.40–6.20 m/s in females at L90°, 5.20–7.02 m/s in males and 4.71–6.80 m/s in females at R90°. Our results suggest that gender should be considered when determining the reference ranges of normal UT elasticity at L90° and R90° with SWE. These values may provide quantitative baseline measurements for the assessment of UT muscle strain in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Determination of reference ranges for normal upper trapezius elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography: a preliminary study

Wang

Xiang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…There was no difference in the area at rest or during the cranio-cervical flexion test between the two groups. This result is due to the fact that the participants maintained FHP for a short period of time and short-term-induced tension changes cannot affect the deep neck flexor muscles (Moghadam et al, 2018). Bokaee et al (2017) measured the thickness of the cervical muscles in a sitting position on females with and without FHP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To measure the CVA, participants were imaged at a distance of 1.5 m from their sitting position, and the participant's shoulder and the camera height were placed at the same level (Moghadam et al, 2018). The CVA was measured using a horizontal line passing through the C7 spinous process and a line connecting C7 to the tragus of the ear (Quek et al, 2013).…”

Section: Craniovertebral Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

A temporary forward head posture decreases function of cervical proprioception

Ha¹,

Sung²

2020

J Exerc Rehabil

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Increased use of smartphones can cause abnormal alignment of head and neck, resulting in forward head posture (FHP). This can lead to change in the structures and function of the cervical vertebrae. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact on deep neck flexor muscles, proprioception, vestibular function, and balance of subjects with induced FHP by using smartphone. Twenty-two healthy persons were randomly divided into two groups. The FHP group maintained a craniovertebral angle (CVA) of < 49° and a normal head posture group maintained a CVA of > 50° watching the smartphone for 40 min. We measured the area of the longus colli and longus capitis muscles, cervi-cal joint position sense, Romberg test, subjective visual vertical test, and subjective visual horizontal test. There was no significant difference in the deep neck flexor muscles, vestibular function, and static balance between the groups. However, there was a significant difference in the cervical proprioception (P< 0.05). Proprioception may be considered to be the most influential factor in induced FHP by smartphone viewing.

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“…The cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT) is a specific therapeutic exercise that restores functional roles such as spinal segmental stabilization [19]. The CCFT promotes activation of the DNF and decreases activity of the SCM, which is an effective method for achieving throat function and pain recovery [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The CCFT is a common clinical setting in which to perform cranio-cervical flexion without excessive contraction of the SCM [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Optimal Gaze Direction on Deep Neck Flexor Activation in Chronic Neck Pain

ByoungKwon

Seo

2020

Healthcare

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Chronic neck pain (CNP) patients have weak deep neck flexors (DNF) and a hyperactive sternocleidomastoid (SCM). The cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT) promotes activation of the DNF and decreases activity of the SCM, promoting pain recovery, but research suggests SCM activation increases with increasing gaze direction. We aimed to investigate how DNF and SCM activation varies according to gaze direction in the CCFT, and to prescribe the appropriate gaze direction for CNP. Twenty-eight CNP subjects had their maximum strength pressure level determined by CCFT for strength (20–~30 mmHg) and at each of the measured pressures, DNF and SCM thickness in each of four gaze directions (0°, 20°, 40°, and 60°) was measured by ultrasound imaging. The DNF to SCM ratio varied significantly according to gaze direction (p < 0.05), with gaze directions of 20° and 0° being significantly different from 40° (p < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in DNF activation according to gaze direction, there was in SCM activation (p < 0.05), with SCM 60° significantly different from SCM 20° and SCM 40° (p < 0.05). In order to increase DNF activation efficiency during the CCFT, SCM activation should be controlled, and a gaze direction below 20° is the most efficient. This can inform DNF training of CNP patients in a clinical environment.

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An ultrasonographic investigation of deep neck flexor muscles cross-sectional area in forward and normal head posture

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Determination of reference ranges for normal upper trapezius elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography: a preliminary study

Determination of reference ranges for normal upper trapezius elasticity during different shoulder abduction using shear wave elastography: a preliminary study

A temporary forward head posture decreases function of cervical proprioception

The Importance of Optimal Gaze Direction on Deep Neck Flexor Activation in Chronic Neck Pain

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