An ultrasensitive luminescent nanothermometer in the first biological window based on phonon-assisted thermal enhancing and thermal quenching

Abstract

The development of luminescent probes in the biological windows has emerged as an exciting field by virtue of nanoscale spatial resolution and low tissue scattering and absorption. However, current luminescent...

Florescence Intensity Ratio Thermometer in the First Biological Window Based on Non-Thermally Coupled Energy Levels of Tm3+ and Ho3+ Ions

“…It implied that the 475, 540, 650, 692, and 800 nm emissions were three-photon, two-photon, two-photon, two-photon, and twophoton processes, respectively. What is more, the value of n for the emissions located in the first biological window was similar to each other, which means that the power has little effect on the three fluorescence peak ratios (Jia et al, 2020). Figure 4 showed the schematic energy levels and the possible up-conversion and energy transfer (ET) processes.…”

“…dR dT (Jia et al, 2020;Peng et al, 2021). As shown in Figure 6B, the maximum value of S a and S r reached 0.17 K −1 (467 K) and 0.0043 (303 K), respectively.…”

“…However, these methods require the physical contact with the object and cannot be used in a corrosive environment or organism. To overcome this issue, numerous types of luminescent thermometers, made up of quantum dots, polymer-based systems, organic dyes, and lanthanide ion (Ln 3+ )-doped materials, have been investigated (Feng et al, 2011;Vlaskin et al, 2010;Yan et al, 2010;Jia et al, 2020). Among these luminescent thermometers, Ln 3+ -doped up-conversion materials have drawn extensive attention in the research of non-invasive temperature measurement due to their fast response, high resolution, low toxicity, remote detection, and so on (Labrador-Páez et al, 2018;Ximendes et al, 2016;Skripka et al, 2017;Nexha et al, 2021).…”

mOptical Sensing for the Internet of Things: A Smartphone‐Controlled Platform for Temperature Monitoring

“…[ 42 ] Figure a (and Table S2, Supporting Information) shows examples of the largest S r values ( S m ) reported for ratiometric (hollow symbols) luminescent thermometers with an operating range compatible with m Optical sensing and for smartphone‐based luminescence thermometry (solid symbols). [ 46,55,59,66–89 ] The S r values for primary luminescent thermometers are shown in Figure 3b. [ 43,53,58–64 ] Noticeable, only one example refers to smartphone‐based luminescence thermometry, and presents the largest S r value.…”

Lanthanide Luminescent Nanocomposite for Non‐Invasive Temperature Monitoring in Vivo

“…The absolute temperature can be obtained through measuring the emission intensity ratio (I 2 /I 1 ), which are generated from the two thermally‐coupled energy levels E 1 and E 2 , respectively. The relation between temperature and luminescence intensity ratio can be described as I 2 /I 1 = (Scheme 1a), [6d,9] where I 2 /I 1 is the emission intensity ratio of the two energy levels; ΔE is the energy difference between E 2 and E 1 , C is a constant determined by the host materials; T is temperature; k B is Boltzmann constant. The mutual energy transfer between different kinds of lanthanide ions is also affected by temperature with the assistance of phonon [9,15] . For instance, upon excitation, sensitizer ions (Ln 3+ ‐1) harvest the energy and transfer it to emitters (Ln 3+ ‐2).…”